mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

RW-Post: Auditable Evidence-Grounded Multimodal Fact-Checking in the Wild

arXiv 2512.22933 ↗First posted 28 Dec 2025cs.AI cs.CLcited by 0

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Multimodal misinformation increasingly leverages visual persuasion, where repurposed or manipulated images strengthen misleading text. We introduce RW-Post, a post-aligned text--image benchmark for real-world multimodal fact-checking with auditable annotations: each instance links the original social-media post with reasoning traces and explicitly linked evidence items derived from human fact-check articles via an LLM-assisted extraction-and-auditing pipeline. RW-Post supports controlled evaluation across closed-book, evidence-bounded, and open-web regimes, enabling systematic diagnosis of visual grounding and evidence utilization. We provide AgentFact as a reference verification baseline and benchmark strong open-source LVLMs under unified protocols. Experiments show substantial headroom: current models struggle with faithful evidence grounding, while evidence-bounded evaluation improves both accuracy and faithfulness.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Dec 2025.

Builds on

27 of 49 references.

References · 27

  1. 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,768
  2. 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,337
  3. 2023MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated Capabilitiescited by 1,221
  4. 2023DIRE for Diffusion-Generated Image Detectioncited by 386
  5. 2018FakeNewsNet: A Data Repository with News Content, Social Context and Spatialtemporal Information for Studying Fake News on Social Mediacited by 281
  6. 2020HoVer: A Dataset for Many-Hop Fact Extraction And Claim Verificationcited by 199
  7. 2023AVeriTeC: A Dataset for Real-world Claim Verification with Evidence from the Webcited by 144
  8. 2021NewsCLIPpings: Automatic Generation of Out-of-Context Multimodal Mediacited by 106
  9. 2022End-to-End Multimodal Fact-Checking and Explanation Generation: A Challenging Dataset and Modelscited by 105
  10. 2023Towards LLM-based Fact Verification on News Claims with a Hierarchical Step-by-Step Prompting Methodcited by 97
  11. 2024SNIFFER: Multimodal Large Language Model for Explainable Out-of-Context Misinformation Detectioncited by 73
  12. 2021Open-Domain, Content-based, Multi-modal Fact-checking of Out-of-Context Images via Online Resourcescited by 71
15 more
  1. 2022MDFEND: Multi-domain Fake News Detectioncited by 68
  2. 2024MMFakeBench: A Mixed-Source Multimodal Misinformation Detection Benchmark for LVLMscited by 60
  3. 2022MuMiN: A Large-Scale Multilingual Multimodal Fact-Checked Misinformation Social Network Datasetcited by 59
  4. 2022Deepfake Detection: A Comprehensive Survey from the Reliability Perspectivecited by 48
  5. 2024Can LLMs Produce Faithful Explanations For Fact-checking? Towards Faithful Explainable Fact-Checking via Multi-Agent Debatecited by 48
  6. 2024DEFAME: Dynamic Evidence-based FAct-checking with Multimodal Expertscited by 42
  7. 2020Multimodal Analytics for Real-world News using Measures of Cross-modal Entity Consistencycited by 33
  8. 2019Hierarchical Propagation Networks for Fake News Detection: Investigation and Exploitationcited by 32
  9. 2017Multimedia Semantic Integrity Assessment Using Joint Embedding Of Images And Textcited by 28
  10. 2024LEMMA: Towards LVLM-Enhanced Multimodal Misinformation Detection with External Knowledge Augmentationcited by 28
  11. 2023QACHECK: A Demonstration System for Question-Guided Multi-Hop Fact-Checkingcited by 26
  12. 2023Synthetic Misinformers: Generating and Combating Multimodal Misinformationcited by 23
  13. 2022A Coarse-to-fine Cascaded Evidence-Distillation Neural Network for Explainable Fake News Detectioncited by 12
  14. 2024MetaSumPerceiver: Multimodal Multi-Document Evidence Summarization for Fact-Checkingcited by 10
  15. 2024Semantics-Oriented Multitask Learning for DeepFake Detection: A Joint Embedding Approachcited by 4

Built on by

Not cited yet.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026RW-Post: Auditable Evidence-Grounded Multimodal Fact-Checking in the Wild
  2. 2026Evidence Triangulation for Multimodal Fact-Checking in the Wild
  3. 2026Multimodal Claim Extraction for Fact-Checking
  4. 2025Beyond Retrieval: Improving Evidence Quality for LLM-based Multimodal Fact-Checking
  5. 2026MIC: Explaining Image-Claim Inconsistencies in AI-Generated Multimodal Misinformation
  6. 2026DIVER: Dynamic Iterative Visual Evidence Reasoning for Multimodal Fake News Detection
  7. 2025HintsOfTruth: A Multimodal Checkworthiness Detection Dataset with Real and Synthetic Claims
  8. 2026Fact or Fake? Assessing the Role of Deepfake Detectors in Multimodal Misinformation Detection