mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

PUFM++: Point Cloud Upsampling via Enhanced Flow Matching

arXiv 2512.20988 ↗First posted 24 Dec 2025cs.CVcited by 0

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advances in generative modeling have demonstrated strong promise for high-quality point cloud upsampling. In this work, we present PUFM++, an enhanced flow-matching framework for reconstructing dense and accurate point clouds from sparse, noisy, and partial observations. PUFM++ improves flow matching along three key axes: (i) geometric fidelity, (ii) robustness to imperfect input, and (iii) consistency with downstream surface-based tasks. We introduce a two-stage flow-matching strategy that first learns a direct, straight-path flow from sparse inputs to dense targets, and then refines it using noise-perturbed samples to approximate the terminal marginal distribution better. To accelerate and stabilize inference, we propose a data-driven adaptive time scheduler that improves sampling efficiency based on interpolation behavior. We further impose on-manifold constraints during sampling to ensure that generated points remain aligned with the underlying surface. Finally, we incorporate a recurrent interface network~(RIN) to strengthen hierarchical feature interactions and boost reconstruction quality. Extensive experiments on synthetic benchmarks and real-world scans show that PUFM++ sets a new state of the art in point cloud upsampling, delivering superior visual fidelity and quantitative accuracy across a wide range of tasks. Code and pretrained models are publicly available at https://github.com/Holmes-Alan/Enhanced_PUFM.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 44 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Dec 2025.

Builds on

44 of 55 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025SuperPC: A Single Diffusion Model for Point Cloud Completion, Upsampling, Denoising, and Colorization18 Mar
  2. 2023A Conditional Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Point Cloud Upsampling3 Dec
  3. 2022Fast Point Cloud Generation with Straight Flows4 Dec
  4. 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generation2 Mar

Other references · 40

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
  4. 2022Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,627
  5. 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,248
  6. 2017PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Spacecited by 4,401
  7. 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
  8. 2018Dynamic Graph CNN for Learning on Point Cloudscited by 2,223
  9. 2020Point Transformercited by 1,470
  10. 2019Normalizing Flows for Probabilistic Modeling and Inferencecited by 1,323
  11. 2019KPConv: Flexible and Deformable Convolution for Point Cloudscited by 1,205
  12. 2023Stochastic Interpolants: A Unifying Framework for Flows and Diffusionscited by 939
28 more
  1. 2023Improving and generalizing flow-based generative models with minibatch optimal transportcited by 879
  2. 2023Point Transformer V3: Simpler, Faster, Strongercited by 589
  3. 20213D Shape Generation and Completion through Point-Voxel Diffusioncited by 516
  4. 2022Point Transformer V2: Grouped Vector Attention and Partition-based Poolingcited by 388
  5. 2018ABC: A Big CAD Model Dataset For Geometric Deep Learningcited by 341
  6. 2018PU-Net: Point Cloud Upsampling Networkcited by 209
  7. 2022Scalable Adaptive Computation for Iterative Generationcited by 195
  8. 2019PU-GAN: a Point Cloud Upsampling Adversarial Networkcited by 164
  9. 2020PointMixup: Augmentation for Point Cloudscited by 104
  10. 2018Patch-based Progressive 3D Point Set Upsamplingcited by 101
  11. 2019PU-GCN: Point Cloud Upsampling using Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 101
  12. 2023Visual Point Cloud Forecasting enables Scalable Autonomous Drivingcited by 99
  13. 2018EC-Net: an Edge-aware Point set Consolidation Networkcited by 84
  14. 2021Point Cloud Upsampling via Disentangled Refinementcited by 74
  15. 2020PUGeo-Net: A Geometry-centric Network for 3D Point Cloud Upsamplingcited by 69
  16. 2021Neural Points: Point Cloud Representation with Neural Fields for Arbitrary Upsamplingcited by 48
  17. 2023Grad-PU: Arbitrary-Scale Point Cloud Upsampling via Gradient Descent with Learned Distance Functionscited by 43
  18. 2022GFNet: Geometric Flow Network for 3D Point Cloud Semantic Segmentationcited by 36
  19. 2023Point2CAD: Reverse Engineering CAD Models from 3D Point Cloudscited by 36
  20. 2021PU-Transformer: Point Cloud Upsampling Transformercited by 32
  21. 2020SPU-Net: Self-Supervised Point Cloud Upsampling by Coarse-to-Fine Reconstruction with Self-Projection Optimizationcited by 26
  22. 2022Self-Supervised Arbitrary-Scale Point Clouds Upsampling via Implicit Neural Representationcited by 24
  23. 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshescited by 21
  24. 2021PU-Flow: a Point Cloud Upsampling Network with Normalizing Flowscited by 17
  25. 2019Image Super-Resolution via Attention based Back Projection Networkscited by 16
  26. 2024Spot-Compose: A Framework for Open-Vocabulary Object Retrieval and Drawer Manipulation in Point Cloudscited by 15
  27. 2023Arbitrary point cloud upsampling via Dual Back-Projection Networkcited by 3
  28. 2025PI3DETR: Parametric Instance Detection of 3D Point Cloud Edges With a Geometry-Aware 3DETRcited by 2

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  1. 2025Efficient Point Clouds Upsampling via Flow Matching
  2. 2025MFM-point: Multi-scale Flow Matching for Point Cloud Generation
  3. 2026Hierarchical Flow Matching for 3D Point Cloud Generation
  4. 2024Point Cloud Resampling with Learnable Heat Diffusion
  5. 2026Point-MF: Stabilizing One-Step Mean Flows for Single-Image Point Cloud Reconstruction
  6. 2025Adaptive 3D Reconstruction via Diffusion Priors and Forward Curvature-Matching Likelihood Updates
  7. 2025OT-MeanFlow3D: Bridging Optimal Transport and Meanflow for Efficient 3D Point Cloud Generation
  8. 2024MBPU: A Plug-and-Play State Space Model for Point Cloud Upsamping with Fast Point Rendering