mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Taxonomy-Adaptive Moderation Model with Robust Guardrails for Large Language Models

arXiv 2512.05339 ↗First posted 5 Dec 2025cs.LGcited by 2

On the map: LLM safety and security → Safety alignment, refusal and guardrails

Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned for safety during the post-training phase; however, they may still generate inappropriate outputs that could potentially pose risks to users. This challenge underscores the need for robust safeguards that operate across both model inputs and outputs. In this work, we introduce Roblox Guard 1.0, a state-of-the-art instruction fine-tuned LLM designed to enhance the safety of LLM systems through comprehensive input-output moderation, using a pipeline of LLMs to enhance moderation capability. Built on the Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct backbone, our model is instruction fine-tuned to generalize across previously unseen safety taxonomies and demonstrates strong performance on out-of-domain safety benchmarks. The instruction fine-tuning process uses a mix of synthetic and open-source safety datasets, augmented with chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales and input inversion to enhance contextual understanding and decision making. To support systematic evaluation, we also release RobloxGuard-Eval, a new benchmark featuring an extensible safety taxonomy to assess the effectiveness of LLM guardrails and moderation frameworks.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Safety alignment, refusal and guardrails, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 16 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Dec 2025.

Builds on

16 of 23 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025LLMs are Vulnerable to Malicious Prompts Disguised as Scientific Language23 Jan
  2. 2025Aegis2.0: A Diverse AI Safety Dataset and Risks Taxonomy for Alignment of LLM Guardrails15 Jan

Other references · 14

  1. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  2. 2022Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedbackcited by 3,634
  3. 2024HarmBench: A Standardized Evaluation Framework for Automated Red Teaming and Robust Refusalcited by 1,330
  4. 2023Llama Guard: LLM-based Input-Output Safeguard for Human-AI Conversationscited by 1,124
  5. 2023BeaverTails: Towards Improved Safety Alignment of LLM via a Human-Preference Datasetcited by 828
  6. 2023The Flan Collection: Designing Data and Methods for Effective Instruction Tuningcited by 734
  7. 2023Safe RLHF: Safe Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedbackcited by 630
  8. 2022A Holistic Approach to Undesired Content Detection in the Real Worldcited by 337
  9. 2024ShieldGemma: Generative AI Content Moderation Based on Gemmacited by 224
  10. 2023Do-Not-Answer: A Dataset for Evaluating Safeguards in LLMscited by 176
  11. 2025GDPval: Evaluating AI Model Performance on Real-World Economically Valuable Taskscited by 142
  12. 2024AEGIS: Online Adaptive AI Content Safety Moderation with Ensemble of LLM Expertscited by 126
2 more
  1. 2023SimpleSafetyTests: a Test Suite for Identifying Critical Safety Risks in Large Language Modelscited by 72
  2. 2024Enhancing Multilingual Voice Toxicity Detection with Speech-Text Alignmentcited by 5

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025X-Guard: Multilingual Guard Agent for Content Moderation
  2. 2024Controllable Safety Alignment: Inference-Time Adaptation to Diverse Safety Requirements
  3. 2025A Self-Improving Architecture for Dynamic Safety in Large Language Models
  4. 2025RSafe: Incentivizing proactive reasoning to build robust and adaptive LLM safeguards
  5. 2025Fine-Tuning Lowers Safety and Disrupts Evaluation Consistency
  6. 2025Safety Guardrails for LLM-Enabled Robots
  7. 2024Large Language Model Safety: A Holistic Survey
  8. 2025LLM-Safety Evaluations Lack Robustness