PolicyBot - Reliable Question Answering over Policy Documents
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Legal and financial RAG
Abstract (arXiv)
All citizens of a country are affected by the laws and policies introduced by their government. These laws and policies serve essential functions for citizens. Such as granting them certain rights or imposing specific obligations. However, these documents are often lengthy, complex, and difficult to navigate, making it challenging for citizens to locate and understand relevant information. This work presents PolicyBot, a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system designed to answer user queries over policy documents with a focus on transparency and reproducibility. The system combines domain-specific semantic chunking, multilingual dense embeddings, multi-stage retrieval with reranking, and source-aware generation to provide responses grounded in the original documents. We implemented citation tracing to reduce hallucinations and improve user trust, and evaluated alternative retrieval and generation configurations to identify effective design choices. The end-to-end pipeline is built entirely with open-source tools, enabling easy adaptation to other domains requiring document-grounded question answering. This work highlights design considerations, practical challenges, and lessons learned in deploying trustworthy RAG systems for governance-related contexts.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Legal and financial RAG, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 13 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Nov 2025.
Builds on
13 of 23 references.
References · 13
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,907
- 2021BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Modelscited by 1,225
- 2025Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Modelscited by 1,175
- 2016Efficient and robust approximate nearest neighbor search using Hierarchical Navigable Small World graphscited by 853
- 2020Fact or Fiction: Verifying Scientific Claimscited by 546
- 2022Precise Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval without Relevance Labelscited by 508
- 2024Multilingual E5 Text Embeddings: A Technical Reportcited by 357
- 2024mGTE: Generalized Long-Context Text Representation and Reranking Models for Multilingual Text Retrievalcited by 233
- 2024jina-embeddings-v3: Multilingual Embeddings With Task LoRAcited by 138
- 2020Augmented SBERT: Data Augmentation Method for Improving Bi-Encoders for Pairwise Sentence Scoring Taskscited by 136
- 2021BLEU, METEOR, BERTScore: Evaluation of Metrics Performance in Assessing Critical Translation Errors in Sentiment-oriented Textcited by 22
Built on by
Not cited yet.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Retrieval Improvements Do Not Guarantee Better Answers: A Study of RAG for AI Policy QA
- 2026Chunking, Retrieval, and Re-ranking: An Empirical Evaluation of RAG Architectures for Policy Document Question Answering
- 2025Fishing for Answers: Exploring One-shot vs. Iterative Retrieval Strategies for Retrieval Augmented Generation
- 2024HyPA-RAG: A Hybrid Parameter Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation System for AI Legal and Policy Applications
- 2026Navigating Global AI Regulation: A Multi-Jurisdictional Retrieval-Augmented Generation System
- 2026Carolina Guide: A Multi-Agent RAG System with Institutional Guardrails for Academic Policy Assistance
- 2025LegalRAG: A Hybrid RAG System for Multilingual Legal Information Retrieval
- 2025All for law and law for all: Adaptive RAG Pipeline for Legal Research