OFFSIDE: Benchmarking Unlearning Misinformation in Multimodal Large Language Models
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM jailbreaks and adversarial robustness
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Abstract (arXiv)
Advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) intensify concerns about data privacy, making Machine Unlearning (MU), the selective removal of learned information, a critical necessity. However, existing MU benchmarks for MLLMs are limited by a lack of image diversity, potential inaccuracies, and insufficient evaluation scenarios, which fail to capture the complexity of real-world applications. To facilitate the development of MLLMs unlearning and alleviate the aforementioned limitations, we introduce OFFSIDE, a novel benchmark for evaluating misinformation unlearning in MLLMs based on football transfer rumors. This manually curated dataset contains 15.68K records for 80 players, providing a comprehensive framework with four test sets to assess forgetting efficacy, generalization, utility, and robustness. OFFSIDE supports advanced settings like selective unlearning and corrective relearning, and crucially, unimodal unlearning (forgetting only text data). Our extensive evaluation of multiple baselines reveals key findings: (1) Unimodal methods (erasing text-based knowledge) fail on multimodal rumors; (2) Unlearning efficacy is largely driven by catastrophic forgetting; (3) All methods struggle with "visual rumors" (rumors appear in the image); (4) The unlearned rumors can be easily recovered and (5) All methods are vulnerable to prompt attacks. These results expose significant vulnerabilities in current approaches, highlighting the need for more robust multimodal unlearning solutions. The code is available at https://github.com/zh121800/OFFSIDE
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM jailbreaks and adversarial robustness, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 49 of its 62 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Oct 2025.
Builds on
49 of 62 references.
Closest ancestors · 6
Same direction, newest first
- 2025PULSE: Practical Evaluation Scenarios for Large Multimodal Model Unlearning2 Jul
- 2025PEBench: A Fictitious Dataset to Benchmark Machine Unlearning for Multimodal Large Language Models16 Mar
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- 2025MMUnlearner: Reformulating Multimodal Machine Unlearning in the Era of Multimodal Large Language Models16 Feb
- 2024Protecting Privacy in Multimodal Large Language Models with MLLMU-Bench29 Oct
- 2024Single Image Unlearning: Efficient Machine Unlearning in Multimodal Large Language Models21 May
Other references · 43
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- 2023Can Sensitive Information Be Deleted From LLMs? Objectives for Defending Against Extraction Attackscited by 157
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 6.
7 papers.
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- 2026PPU-Bench:Real World Benchmark for Personalized Partial Unlearning in Vision Language Modelscited by 1
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- 2026Open-MMUnlearning: Unifying Methods and Evaluation for MLLM Unlearningcited by 0
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- 2026Replay What Matters: Off-Policy Replay for Efficient LLM Reinforcement Unlearning13 Jun 2026
- 2026SPACE: Source-free Proxy Anchor Concept Erasure for MLLMs1 Jun 2026
- 2026PPU-Bench:Real World Benchmark for Personalized Partial Unlearning in Vision Language Models9 May 2026
- 2026Backdoors in RLVR: Jailbreak Backdoors in LLMs From Verifiable Reward10 Apr 2026
- 2026CAMEO: A Conditional and Quality-Aware Multi-Agent Image Editing Orchestrator3 Apr 2026
- 2025Rethinking Jailbreak Detection of Large Vision Language Models with Representational Contrastive Scoring12 Dec 2025
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