mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

UniCode: Augmenting Evaluation for Code Reasoning

arXiv 2510.17868 ↗First posted 16 Oct 2025cs.SEcited by 1

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code

Abstract (arXiv)

Current coding benchmarks often inflate Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities due to static paradigms and data contamination, enabling models to exploit statistical shortcuts rather than genuine reasoning. To address this, we introduce UniCode, a generative evaluation framework that systematically probes LLM limits via: (1) multi-dimensional augmentation transforming seed problems into complex variations to disrupt fixed algorithmic patterns; (2) a highly reliable, automated test generation pipeline for scalable evaluation; and (3) fine-grained metrics for rich error signals. Experiments reveal a 31.2% performance collapse in state-of-the-art models on UniCode, primarily driven by deficiencies in conceptual modeling and scalability reasoning rather than syntactic errors. Furthermore, we uncover a seed-problem regression where models revert to memorized seed logic rather than following new specifications, signaling a reliance on shortcuts over reasoning. This work validates UniCode as a robust framework to expose model fragility and foster reasoning-oriented code intelligence.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 40 of its 84 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Oct 2025.

Builds on

40 of 84 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025CodeContests+: High-Quality Test Case Generation for Competitive Programming6 Jun
  2. 2025rStar-Coder: Scaling Competitive Code Reasoning with a Large-Scale Verified Dataset27 May
  3. 2025CodeElo: Benchmarking Competition-level Code Generation of LLMs with Human-comparable Elo Ratings2 Jan
  4. 2024OpenAI o1 System Card21 Dec
  5. 2024Qwen2.5-Coder Technical Report18 Sep

Other references · 35

  1. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
  2. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,320
  3. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
  4. 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
  5. 2021Program Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 3,637
  6. 2018Relational inductive biases, deep learning, and graph networkscited by 1,360
  7. 2019Right for the Wrong Reasons: Diagnosing Syntactic Heuristics in Natural Language Inferencecited by 876
  8. 2025AlphaEvolve: A coding agent for scientific and algorithmic discoverycited by 867
  9. 2023WizardCoder: Empowering Code Large Language Models with Evol-Instructcited by 733
  10. 2024GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 550
  11. 2022CodeT: Code Generation with Generated Testscited by 384
  12. 2023RepoCoder: Repository-Level Code Completion Through Iterative Retrieval and Generationcited by 367
23 more
  1. 2023RepoBench: Benchmarking Repository-Level Code Auto-Completion Systemscited by 353
  2. 2025Absolute Zero: Reinforced Self-play Reasoning with Zero Datacited by 344
  3. 2022Making Large Language Models Better Reasoners with Step-Aware Verifiercited by 233
  4. 2023Time Travel in LLMs: Tracing Data Contamination in Large Language Modelscited by 177
  5. 2023SantaCoder: don't reach for the stars!cited by 170
  6. 2024GSM-Plus: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating the Robustness of LLMs as Mathematical Problem Solverscited by 158
  7. 2025Competitive Programming with Large Reasoning Modelscited by 119
  8. 2020Unit Test Case Generation with Transformers and Focal Contextcited by 118
  9. 2023DyVal: Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models for Reasoning Taskscited by 101
  10. 2024Generalization v.s. Memorization: Tracing Language Models' Capabilities Back to Pretraining Datacited by 85
  11. 2024LogicBench: Towards Systematic Evaluation of Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 68
  12. 2024Quantifying Contamination in Evaluating Code Generation Capabilities of Language Modelscited by 65
  13. 2024FullStack Bench: Evaluating LLMs as Full Stack Coderscited by 58
  14. 2025LiveCodeBench Pro: How Do Olympiad Medalists Judge LLMs in Competitive Programming?cited by 55
  15. 2025TaskCraft: Automated Generation of Agentic Taskscited by 51
  16. 2024Multi-LogiEval: Towards Evaluating Multi-Step Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 39
  17. 2025MathFusion: Enhancing Mathematical Problem-solving of LLM through Instruction Fusioncited by 30
  18. 2025AutoCodeBench: Large Language Models are Automatic Code Benchmark Generatorscited by 26
  19. 2025Line Goes Up? Inherent Limitations of Benchmarks for Evaluating Large Language Modelscited by 14
  20. 2025Can LLMs Generate High-Quality Test Cases for Algorithm Problems? TestCase-Eval: A Systematic Evaluation of Fault Coverage and Exposurecited by 10
  21. 2024Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Knowledge Graph Approachcited by 9
  22. 2025Generative Evaluation of Complex Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 6
  23. 2025OIBench: Benchmarking Strong Reasoning Models with Olympiad in Informaticscited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Beyond Output Correctness: Benchmarking and Evaluating Large Language Model Reasoning in Coding Tasks
  2. 2025Increasing LLM Coding Capabilities through Diverse Synthetic Coding Tasks
  3. 2024CodeMind: Evaluating Large Language Models for Code Reasoning
  4. 2024UniCoder: Scaling Code Large Language Model via Universal Code
  5. 2026CodeEval: A pedagogical approach for targeted evaluation of code-trained Large Language Models
  6. 2025An Empirical Study of Reasoning Steps in Thinking Code LLMs
  7. 2025Evaluating the Generalization Capabilities of Large Language Models on Code Reasoning
  8. 2023CodeApex: A Bilingual Programming Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models