mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

CodeApex: A Bilingual Programming Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models

arXiv 2309.01940 ↗First posted 5 Sep 2023cs.CL cs.AIcited by 15

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Abstract (arXiv)

With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been a significant improvement in the programming capabilities of models, attracting growing attention from researchers. Evaluating the programming capabilities of LLMs is crucial as it reflects the multifaceted abilities of LLMs, and it has numerous downstream applications. In this paper, we propose CodeApex, a bilingual benchmark dataset focusing on the programming comprehension, code generation, and code correction abilities of LLMs. Programming comprehension task tests LLMs on multiple-choice exam questions covering conceptual understanding, commonsense reasoning, and multi-hop reasoning. The code generation task evaluates LLMs through completing C++ functions based on provided descriptions and prototypes. The code correction task asks LLMs to fix real-world erroneous code segments with different error messages. We evaluate 12 widely used LLMs, including both general-purpose and specialized models. GPT-4 exhibits the best programming capabilities, achieving approximate accuracy of 69%, 54%, and 66% on the three tasks, respectively. Compared to human performance, there is still significant room for improvement in LLM programming. We hope that CodeApex can serve as a reference for evaluating the coding capabilities of LLMs, further promoting their development and growth.

Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 40 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Sep 2023.

Builds on

40 of 71 references.

References · 40

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  3. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
  4. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
  5. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
  6. 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
  7. 2018Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challengecited by 4,710
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  10. 2023Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Codecited by 2,105
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28 more
  1. 2019PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarizationcited by 1,100
  2. 2021GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Autoregressive Blank Infillingcited by 1,026
  3. 2023Teaching Large Language Models to Self-Debugcited by 963
  4. 2021CodeT5: Identifier-aware Unified Pre-trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generationcited by 890
  5. 2021Measuring Coding Challenge Competence With APPScited by 879
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  8. 2019DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generationcited by 842
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 4; 2025: 3; 2026: 4.

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  1. 2023MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contextscited by 1,582
  2. 2023LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Modelscited by 111
  3. 2023Unifying the Perspectives of NLP and Software Engineering: A Survey on Language Models for Codecited by 62
  4. 2024CyberMetric: A Benchmark Dataset based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Evaluating LLMs in Cybersecurity Knowledgecited by 55
  5. 2024Polymath: A Challenging Multi-modal Mathematical Reasoning Benchmarkcited by 22
  6. 2024VersiCode: Towards Version-controllable Code Generationcited by 14
  7. 2024CodeRepoQA: A Large-scale Benchmark for Software Engineering Question Answeringcited by 11
  8. 2025Software Development Life Cycle Perspective: A Survey of Benchmarks for Code Large Language Models and Agentscited by 11
  9. 2023CloudEval-YAML: A Practical Benchmark for Cloud Configuration Generationcited by 8
  10. 2026RepoReasoner: Evaluating Repository-Level Code Reasoning Ability of Long-Context Language Modelscited by 5
  11. 2025When Names Disappear: Revealing What LLMs Actually Understand About Codecited by 4
  12. 2026AdaptEval: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models on Code Snippet Adaptationcited by 1
3 more
  1. 2026DiffCold: A Diffusion-based Generative Model for Cold-Start Item Recommendationcited by 1
  2. 2025DebugTA: An LLM-Based Agent for Simplifying Debugging and Teaching in Programming Educationcited by 0
  3. 2026LogitsCoder: Towards Efficient Chain-of-Thought Path Search via Logits Preference Decoding for Code Generationcited by 0

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