Modeling Layered Consciousness with Multi-Agent Large Language Models
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Social simulation and multi-agent debate
Abstract (arXiv)
We propose a multi-agent framework for modeling artificial consciousness in large language models (LLMs), grounded in psychoanalytic theory. Our Psychodynamic Model simulates self-awareness, preconsciousness, and unconsciousness through agent interaction, guided by a Personalization Module combining fixed traits and dynamic needs. Using parameter-efficient fine-tuning on emotionally rich dialogues, the system was evaluated across eight personalized conditions. An LLM as a judge approach showed a 71.2% preference for the fine-tuned model, with improved emotional depth and reduced output variance, demonstrating its potential for adaptive, personalized cognition.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Social simulation and multi-agent debate, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 7 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2025.
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7 of 41 references.
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- 2025The Power of Personality: A Human Simulation Perspective to Investigate Large Language Model Agents28 Feb
Other references · 6
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
- 2023Multi-Agent Collaboration: Harnessing the Power of Intelligent LLM Agentscited by 329
- 2023Could a Large Language Model be Conscious?cited by 70
- 2024Prompt Design and Engineering: Introduction and Advanced Methodscited by 45
- 2025AI with Emotions: Exploring Emotional Expressions in Large Language Modelscited by 10
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- 2025Identifying Features that Shape Perceived Consciousness in Large Language Model-based AI: A Quantitative Study of Human Responses
- 2026Structure Matters: Evaluating Multi-Agents Orchestration in Generative Therapeutic Chatbots
- 2024Open Models, Closed Minds? On Agents Capabilities in Mimicking Human Personalities through Open Large Language Models
- 2026From Emotion Classification to Emotional Reasoning: Enhancing Emotional Intelligence in Large Language Models
- 2023DeepThought: An Architecture for Autonomous Self-motivated Systems