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Combining Reinforcement Learning and Behavior Trees for NPCs in Video Games with AMD Schola

arXiv 2510.14154 ↗First posted 15 Oct 2025cs.AI cs.LGcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

While the rapid advancements in the reinforcement learning (RL) research community have been remarkable, the adoption in commercial video games remains slow. In this paper, we outline common challenges the Game AI community faces when using RL-driven NPCs in practice, and highlight the intersection of RL with traditional behavior trees (BTs) as a crucial juncture to be explored further. Although the BT+RL intersection has been suggested in several research papers, its adoption is rare. We demonstrate the viability of this approach using AMD Schola -- a plugin for training RL agents in Unreal Engine -- by creating multi-task NPCs in a complex 3D environment inspired by the commercial video game ``The Last of Us". We provide detailed methodologies for jointly training RL models with BTs while showcasing various skills.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Oct 2025.

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13 of 21 references.

References · 13

  1. 2022A Generalist Agentcited by 802
  2. 2019Emergent Tool Use From Multi-Agent Autocurriculacited by 308
  3. 2021Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning with Context-based Representationscited by 169
  4. 2021Counter-Strike Deathmatch with Large-Scale Behavioural Cloningcited by 49
  5. 2024Sharing Knowledge in Multi-Task Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 42
  6. 2020Deep Reinforcement Learning for Navigation in AAA Video Gamescited by 27
  7. 2020"It's Unwieldy and It Takes a Lot of Time." Challenges and Opportunities for Creating Agents in Commercial Gamescited by 17
  8. 2023Navigates Like Me: Understanding How People Evaluate Human-Like AI in Video Gamescited by 10
  9. 2015A Framework for Constrained and Adaptive Behavior-Based Agentscited by 8
  10. 2025Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning Enables Parameter Scalingcited by 8
  11. 2018Adding Neural Network Controllers to Behavior Trees without Destroying Performance Guaranteescited by 6
  12. 2024Training Interactive Agent in Large FPS Game Map with Rule-enhanced Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
1 more
  1. 2025Path Generation and Evaluation in Video Games: A Nonparametric Statistical Approachcited by 1

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