GRPO++: Enhancing Dermatological Reasoning under Low Resource Settings
On the map: LLM reasoning → Clinical and biomedical applications
Abstract (arXiv)
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise in medical image analysis, yet their capacity for structured reasoning in complex domains like dermatology is often limited by data scarcity and the high computational cost of advanced training techniques. To address these challenges, we introduce DermIQ-VLM, a VLM developed through a multi-stage, resource-efficient methodology designed to emulate a dermatologist's diagnostic process. Our primary contribution is a modified version of Grouped Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), called GRPO++, which stabilizes the powerful but data-intensive GRPO framework. Our proposed training pipeline first employs GRPO++ for reasoning-oriented disease recognition, followed by supervised fine-tuning for conversational ability. To mitigate factual errors introduced during this step, we then align the model using Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), leveraging a Knowledge Graph-based system as a scalable proxy for expert preference. A preliminary evaluation on a curated dermatological dataset demonstrates that our proposed methodology yields notable performance gains over standard fine-tuning approaches. These findings validate the potential of our pipeline as a feasible pathway for developing specialized, reliable VLMs in resource-constrained environments.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Clinical and biomedical applications, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 24 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Sep 2025.
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- 2025Skin-R1: Clinical Knowledge-Guided Dermatological Diagnosis Using Vision-Language Models
- 2026Mind the Rarities: Can Rare Skin Diseases Be Reliably Diagnosed via Diagnostic Reasoning?
- 2025CLARIFY: A Specialist-Generalist Framework for Accurate and Lightweight Dermatological Visual Question Answering
- 2025MAKE: Multi-Aspect Knowledge-Enhanced Vision-Language Pretraining for Zero-shot Dermatological Assessment
- 2026A Vision-Language Foundation Model for Zero-shot Clinical Collaboration and Automated Concept Discovery in Dermatology
- 2026DermoGPT: Open Weights and Open Data for Morphology-Grounded Dermatological Reasoning MLLMs
- 2026How Medical VLMs Underutilize Their Vision Encoders: A Dermatology Perspective
- 2025MM-Skin: Enhancing Dermatology Vision-Language Model with an Image-Text Dataset Derived from Textbooks