ATLAS: Constraints-Aware Multi-Agent Collaboration for Real-World Travel Planning
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks
Abstract (arXiv)
While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advancements in reasoning and tool use, they often fail to generate optimal, grounded solutions under complex constraints. Real-world travel planning exemplifies these challenges, evaluating agents' abilities to handle constraints that are explicit, implicit, and even evolving based on interactions with dynamic environments and user needs. In this paper, we present ATLAS, a general multi-agent framework designed to effectively handle such complex nature of constraints awareness in real-world travel planning tasks. ATLAS introduces a principled approach to address the fundamental challenges of constraint-aware planning through dedicated mechanisms for dynamic constraint management, iterative plan critique, and adaptive interleaved search. ATLAS demonstrates state-of-the-art performance on the TravelPlanner benchmark, improving the final pass rate from 23.3% to 44.4% over its best alternative. More importantly, our work is the first to demonstrate quantitative effectiveness on real-world travel planning tasks with live information search and multi-turn feedback. In this realistic setting, ATLAS showcases its superior overall planning performance, achieving an 84% final pass rate which significantly outperforms baselines including ReAct (59%) and a monolithic agent (27%).
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 7 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2025.
Builds on
7 of 51 references.
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Same direction, newest first
Other references · 6
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
- 2021WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedbackcited by 1,745
- 2025Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scalecited by 178
- 2025Mind2Web 2: Evaluating Agentic Search with Agent-as-a-Judgecited by 76
- 2024TravelAgent: An AI Assistant for Personalized Travel Planningcited by 39
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 11.
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- 2025Terrarium: Revisiting the Blackboard for Multi-Agent Safety, Privacy, and Security Studiescited by 10
- 2026Demystifying Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents: A Comprehensive Recipecited by 8
- 2026AdaPlanBench: Evaluating Adaptive Planning in Large Language Model Agents under World and User Constraintscited by 7
- 2026AutoRefine: Compiling Trajectories into Validated Typed Agent Artifactscited by 5
- 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travelcited by 2
- 2026State-Centric Decision Processcited by 1
- 2026PlanningBench: Generating Scalable and Verifiable Planning Data for Evaluating and Training Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Replan, Repair, or Edit? A Unified Empirical Evaluation of Travel Agents for Itinerary Revision under Resource Disruptionscited by 1
- 2025IMAGINE: Integrating Multi-Agent System into One Model for Complex Reasoning and Planningcited by 0
- 2026Revisiting the Travel Planning Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026When Do Multi-Agent Systems Help? An Information Bottleneck Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026AI Tour Meeting: Group Travel Planning by LLM Agentscited by 0
1 more
- 2026UTP-Bench: Uncertainty-aware Travel Planning Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026Replan, Repair, or Edit? A Unified Empirical Evaluation of Travel Agents for Itinerary Revision under Resource Disruptions17 Sep 2026
- 2026UTP-Bench: Uncertainty-aware Travel Planning Benchmark2 Sep 2026
- 2026AI Tour Meeting: Group Travel Planning by LLM Agents21 Jul 2026
- 2026When Do Multi-Agent Systems Help? An Information Bottleneck Perspective17 Jul 2026
- 2026AdaPlanBench: Evaluating Adaptive Planning in Large Language Model Agents under World and User Constraints4 Jun 2026
- 2026PlanningBench: Generating Scalable and Verifiable Planning Data for Evaluating and Training Large Language Models20 May 2026
- 2026State-Centric Decision Process12 May 2026
- 2026Revisiting the Travel Planning Capabilities of Large Language Models5 May 2026
- 2026Demystifying Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents: A Comprehensive Recipe23 Mar 2026
- 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travel5 Mar 2026
- 2026AutoRefine: Compiling Trajectories into Validated Typed Agent Artifacts30 Jan 2026
- 2025IMAGINE: Integrating Multi-Agent System into One Model for Complex Reasoning and Planning16 Oct 2025
- 2025Terrarium: Revisiting the Blackboard for Multi-Agent Safety, Privacy, and Security Studiescited by 10
- 2026Demystifying Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents: A Comprehensive Recipecited by 8
- 2026AdaPlanBench: Evaluating Adaptive Planning in Large Language Model Agents under World and User Constraintscited by 7
- 2026AutoRefine: Compiling Trajectories into Validated Typed Agent Artifactscited by 5
- 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travelcited by 2
- 2026Replan, Repair, or Edit? A Unified Empirical Evaluation of Travel Agents for Itinerary Revision under Resource Disruptionscited by 1
- 2026When Do Multi-Agent Systems Help? An Information Bottleneck Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026AI Tour Meeting: Group Travel Planning by LLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026Replan, Repair, or Edit? A Unified Empirical Evaluation of Travel Agents for Itinerary Revision under Resource Disruptions17 Sep 2026
- 2026AI Tour Meeting: Group Travel Planning by LLM Agents21 Jul 2026
- 2026When Do Multi-Agent Systems Help? An Information Bottleneck Perspective17 Jul 2026
- 2026AdaPlanBench: Evaluating Adaptive Planning in Large Language Model Agents under World and User Constraints4 Jun 2026
- 2026Demystifying Reinforcement Learning for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents: A Comprehensive Recipe23 Mar 2026
- 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travel5 Mar 2026
- 2026AutoRefine: Compiling Trajectories into Validated Typed Agent Artifacts30 Jan 2026
- 2025Terrarium: Revisiting the Blackboard for Multi-Agent Safety, Privacy, and Security Studies16 Oct 2025
- 2026State-Centric Decision Processcited by 1
- 2026PlanningBench: Generating Scalable and Verifiable Planning Data for Evaluating and Training Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Revisiting the Travel Planning Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026UTP-Bench: Uncertainty-aware Travel Planning Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026UTP-Bench: Uncertainty-aware Travel Planning Benchmark2 Sep 2026
- 2026PlanningBench: Generating Scalable and Verifiable Planning Data for Evaluating and Training Large Language Models20 May 2026
- 2026State-Centric Decision Process12 May 2026
- 2026Revisiting the Travel Planning Capabilities of Large Language Models5 May 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Flex-TravelPlanner: A Benchmark for Flexible Planning with Language Agents
- 2025TriFlow: A Progressive Multi-Agent Framework for Intelligent Trip Planning
- 2024TravelPlanner: A Benchmark for Real-World Planning with Language Agents
- 2025COMPASS: Benchmarking Constrained Optimization in LLM Agents
- 2026TourPlanner: A Competitive Consensus Framework with Constraint-Gated Reinforcement Learning for Travel Planning
- 2025Beyond Itinerary Planning-A Real-World Benchmark for Multi-Turn and Tool-Using Travel Tasks
- 2025TP-RAG: Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model Agents for Spatiotemporal-Aware Travel Planning
- 2025Analyzing Information Sharing and Coordination in Multi-Agent Planning