mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Score Distillation of Flow Matching Models

arXiv 2509.25127 ↗First posted 29 Sep 2025cs.CV cs.AI cs.LGcited by 8

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling

Abstract (arXiv)

Diffusion models achieve high-quality image generation but are limited by slow iterative sampling. Distillation methods alleviate this by enabling one- or few-step generation. Flow matching, originally introduced as a distinct framework, has since been shown to be theoretically equivalent to diffusion under Gaussian assumptions, raising the question of whether distillation techniques such as score distillation transfer directly. We provide a simple derivation -- based on Bayes' rule and conditional expectations -- that unifies Gaussian diffusion and flow matching without relying on ODE/SDE formulations. Building on this view, we extend Score identity Distillation (SiD) to pretrained text-to-image flow-matching models, including SANA, SD3-Medium, SD3.5-Medium/Large, and FLUX.1-dev, all with DiT backbones. Experiments show that, with only modest flow-matching- and DiT-specific adjustments, SiD works out of the box across these models, in both data-free and data-aided settings, without requiring teacher finetuning or architectural changes. This provides the first systematic evidence that score distillation applies broadly to text-to-image flow matching models, resolving prior concerns about stability and soundness and unifying acceleration techniques across diffusion- and flow-based generators. A project page is available at https://yigu1008.github.io/SiD-DiT.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 56 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2025.

Builds on

56 of 63 references.

Closest ancestors · 35

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Few-Step Diffusion via Score identity Distillation19 May
  2. 2025One-step Diffusion Models with f-Divergence Distribution Matching21 Feb
  3. 2025A Survey on Pre-Trained Diffusion Model Distillations12 Feb
  4. 2025SANA 1.5: Efficient Scaling of Training-Time and Inference-Time Compute in Linear Diffusion Transformer30 Jan
  5. 2024One-Step Diffusion Distillation through Score Implicit Matching22 Oct
  6. 2024Adversarial Score identity Distillation: Rapidly Surpassing the Teacher in One Step19 Oct
  7. 2024Simplifying, Stabilizing and Scaling Continuous-Time Consistency Models14 Oct
  8. 2024SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformers14 Oct
  9. 2024Flash Diffusion: Accelerating Any Conditional Diffusion Model for Few Steps Image Generation4 Jun
  10. 2024Guided Score identity Distillation for Data-Free One-Step Text-to-Image Generation3 Jun
  11. 2024Improved Distribution Matching Distillation for Fast Image Synthesis23 May
  12. 2024Score identity Distillation: Exponentially Fast Distillation of Pretrained Diffusion Models for One-Step Generation5 Apr
23 more
  1. 2024Fast High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Adversarial Diffusion Distillation18 Mar
  2. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis5 Mar
  3. 2024SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers16 Jan
  4. 2023One-step Diffusion with Distribution Matching Distillation30 Nov
  5. 2023Adversarial Diffusion Distillation28 Nov
  6. 2023Improved Techniques for Training Consistency Models22 Oct
  7. 2023Latent Consistency Models: Synthesizing High-Resolution Images with Few-Step Inference6 Oct
  8. 2023Consistency Trajectory Models: Learning Probability Flow ODE Trajectory of Diffusion1 Oct
  9. 2023Beta Diffusion14 Sep
  10. 2023Diff-Instruct: A Universal Approach for Transferring Knowledge From Pre-trained Diffusion Models29 May
  11. 2023Consistency Models2 Mar
  12. 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentation1 Mar
  13. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers19 Dec
  14. 2022On Distillation of Guided Diffusion Models6 Oct
  15. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance26 Jul
  16. 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Steps2 Jun
  17. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Models1 Jun
  18. 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifolds20 Feb
  19. 2022Truncated Diffusion Probabilistic Models and Diffusion-based Adversarial Auto-Encoders19 Feb
  20. 2021Knowledge Distillation in Iterative Generative Models for Improved Sampling Speed7 Jan
  21. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations26 Nov
  22. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models6 Oct
  23. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun

Other references · 21

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
  3. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
  4. 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,101
  5. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
  6. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
  7. 2021LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairscited by 1,555
  8. 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,219
  9. 2023ImageReward: Learning and Evaluating Human Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,045
  10. 2023Pick-a-Pic: An Open Dataset of User Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 977
  11. 2023GenEval: An Object-Focused Framework for Evaluating Text-to-Image Alignmentcited by 972
  12. 2023Stochastic Interpolants: A Unifying Framework for Flows and Diffusionscited by 939
9 more
  1. 2023Human Preference Score v2: A Solid Benchmark for Evaluating Human Preferences of Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 890
  2. 2022Improving Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems using Manifold Constraintscited by 508
  3. 2022Diffusion-GAN: Training GANs with Diffusioncited by 205
  4. 2023SwiftBrush: One-Step Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Variational Score Distillationcited by 110
  5. 2024Consistency Flow Matching: Defining Straight Flows with Velocity Consistencycited by 104
  6. 2025SANA-Sprint: One-Step Diffusion with Continuous-Time Consistency Distillationcited by 87
  7. 2025Proteina: Scaling Flow-based Protein Structure Generative Modelscited by 65
  8. 2024Rectified Diffusion: Straightness Is Not Your Need in Rectified Flowcited by 61
  9. 2024Flow Generator Matchingcited by 26

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 8.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

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  2. 2026Consistent Distribution Matching for Data-Free Diffusion Distillation
  3. 2025GLASS Flows: Transition Sampling for Alignment of Flow and Diffusion Models
  4. 2026A Unified Measure-Theoretic View of Diffusion, Score-Based, and Flow Matching Generative Models
  5. 2025Learning Few-Step Diffusion Models by Trajectory Distribution Matching
  6. 2024Multistep Distillation of Diffusion Models via Moment Matching
  7. 2025SenseFlow: Scaling Distribution Matching for Flow-based Text-to-Image Distillation
  8. 2025From Navigation to Refinement: Revealing the Two-Stage Nature of Flow-based Diffusion Models through Oracle Velocity