From Text to Talk: Audio-Language Model Needs Non-Autoregressive Joint Training
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have attracted significant interest in extending their capabilities to multimodal scenarios, particularly for speech-to-speech conversational systems. However, existing multimodal models handling interleaved audio and text rely on autoregressive (AR) methods, overlooking that text depends on target-target relations whereas audio depends mainly on source-target relations. In this work, we propose Text-to-Talk (TtT), a unified audio-text framework that integrates AR text generation with non-autoregressive (NAR) audio diffusion in a single Transformer. By leveraging the any-order AR property of absorbing discrete diffusion, our approach provides a unified training objective for text and audio. To support this hybrid generation paradigm, we design a modality-aware attention mechanism that enforces causal decoding for text while allowing bidirectional modeling within audio spans, and further introduce three training strategies that reduce train-test discrepancies. During inference, TtT employs block-wise diffusion to synthesize audio in parallel while flexibly handling variable-length outputs. Comprehensive experiments on Audio-QA, ASR, AAC and speech-to-speech benchmarks show that TtT consistently surpasses strong AR and NAR baselines, with additional ablation and training-strategy analyses confirming the contribution of each component. We will open-source our models, data and code to facilitate future research in this direction.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 49 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Sep 2025.
Builds on
49 of 60 references.
References · 49
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37 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
- 2026From Static Inference to Dynamic Interaction: A Survey of Streaming Large Language Modelscited by 3
- 2026VocalNet-MDM: Accelerating Streaming Speech LLM via Self-Distilled Masked Diffusion Modelingcited by 1
- 2026Reducing the Output-Mode Gap in Speech Language Models via Joint-Output On-Policy Distillationcited by 0
- 2026Reducing the Output-Mode Gap in Speech Language Models via Joint-Output On-Policy Distillation14 Sep 2026
- 2026From Static Inference to Dynamic Interaction: A Survey of Streaming Large Language Models4 Mar 2026
- 2026VocalNet-MDM: Accelerating Streaming Speech LLM via Self-Distilled Masked Diffusion Modeling9 Feb 2026
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- 2025Language Model Based Text-to-Audio Generation: Anti-Causally Aligned Collaborative Residual Transformers
- 2026UAT: Unified Audio-Text Diffusion for Audio Generation, Editing, and Captioning
- 2026AudioCALM: Continuous Autoregressive Language Modeling for Universal Audio Generation ↗
- 2025ControlAudio: Tackling Text-Guided, Timing-Indicated and Intelligible Audio Generation via Progressive Diffusion Modeling
- 2026LongCat-AudioDiT: High-Fidelity Diffusion Text-to-Speech in the Waveform Latent Space
- 2024Autoregressive Diffusion Transformer for Text-to-Speech Synthesis