Inclusion Arena: An Open Platform for Evaluating Large Foundation Models with Real-World Apps
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning
Abstract (arXiv)
Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have ushered in a new era of AI capabilities, demonstrating near-human-level performance across diverse scenarios. While numerous benchmarks (e.g., MMLU) and leaderboards (e.g., Chatbot Arena) have been proposed to help evolve the development of LLMs and MLLMs, most rely on static datasets or crowdsourced general-domain prompts, often falling short of reflecting performance in real-world applications. To bridge this critical gap, we present Inclusion Arena, a live leaderboard that ranks models based on human feedback collected directly from AI-powered applications. Our platform integrates pairwise model comparisons into natural user interactions, ensuring evaluations reflect practical usage scenarios. For robust model ranking, we employ the Bradley-Terry model augmented with two key innovations: (1) Placement Matches, a cold-start mechanism to quickly estimate initial ratings for newly integrated models, and (2) Proximity Sampling, an intelligent comparison strategy that prioritizes battles between models of similar capabilities to maximize information gain and enhance rating stability. Extensive empirical analyses and simulations demonstrate that Inclusion Arena yields reliable and stable rankings, exhibits higher data transitivity compared to general crowdsourced datasets, and significantly mitigates the risk of malicious manipulation. By fostering an open alliance between foundation models and real-world applications, Inclusion Arena aims to accelerate the development of LLMs and MLLMs truly optimized for practical, user-centric deployments. The platform is publicly accessible at https://www.tbox.cn/about/model-ranking.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 18 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Aug 2025.
Builds on
18 of 32 references.
References · 18
- 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 10,109
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
- 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,320
- 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,963
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
- 2016Visual Genome: Connecting Language and Vision Using Crowdsourced Dense Image Annotationscited by 2,656
- 2024LiveCodeBench: Holistic and Contamination Free Evaluation of Large Language Models for Codecited by 2,004
- 2023MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contextscited by 1,614
- 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
- 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Webcited by 1,242
- 2024Chatbot Arena: An Open Platform for Evaluating LLMs by Human Preferencecited by 1,184
- 2024WebVoyager: Building an End-to-End Web Agent with Large Multimodal Modelscited by 438
6 more
- 2024Hunyuan-Large: An Open-Source MoE Model with 52 Billion Activated Parameters by Tencentcited by 90
- 2024Open-LLM-Leaderboard: From Multi-choice to Open-style Questions for LLMs Evaluation, Benchmark, and Arenacited by 76
- 2024Nova: An Iterative Planning and Search Approach to Enhance Novelty and Diversity of LLM Generated Ideascited by 57
- 2023MedBench: A Large-Scale Chinese Benchmark for Evaluating Medical Large Language Modelscited by 31
- 2022On the Limitations of Elo: Real-World Games, are Transitive, not Additivecited by 23
- 2025Improving Your Model Ranking on Chatbot Arena by Vote Riggingcited by 17
Built on by
Not cited yet.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Evaluating Large Language Models with Human Feedback: Establishing a Swedish Benchmark
- 2024Can Large Language Models be Trusted for Evaluation? Scalable Meta-Evaluation of LLMs as Evaluators via Agent Debate
- 2026TAMUSA-Chat: A Domain-Adapted Large Language Model Conversational System for Research and Responsible Deployment
- 2024What is the best model? Application-driven Evaluation for Large Language Models
- 2025Prompt-to-Leaderboard
- 2023LMFlow: An Extensible Toolkit for Finetuning and Inference of Large Foundation Models
- 2023AgentSims: An Open-Source Sandbox for Large Language Model Evaluation
- 2024Large Language Model Evaluation Via Multi AI Agents: Preliminary results