mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Conditional Latent Diffusion Models for Zero-Shot Instance Segmentation

arXiv 2508.04122 ↗First posted 6 Aug 2025cs.CVcited by 4

On the map: Diffusion models → Medical imaging and segmentation

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents OC-DiT, a novel class of diffusion models designed for object-centric prediction, and applies it to zero-shot instance segmentation. We propose a conditional latent diffusion framework that generates instance masks by conditioning the generative process on object templates and image features within the diffusion model's latent space. This allows our model to effectively disentangle object instances through the diffusion process, which is guided by visual object descriptors and localized image cues. Specifically, we introduce two model variants: a coarse model for generating initial object instance proposals, and a refinement model that refines all proposals in parallel. We train these models on a newly created, large-scale synthetic dataset comprising thousands of high-quality object meshes. Remarkably, our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple challenging real-world benchmarks, without requiring any retraining on target data. Through comprehensive ablation studies, we demonstrate the potential of diffusion models for instance segmentation tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Medical imaging and segmentation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 45 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Aug 2025.

Builds on

45 of 51 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023DifFSS: Diffusion Model for Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation3 Jul
  2. 2023Ambiguous Medical Image Segmentation using Diffusion Models10 Apr
  3. 2021Diffusion Models for Implicit Image Segmentation Ensembles6 Dec
  4. 2021SegDiff: Image Segmentation with Diffusion Probabilistic Models1 Dec

Other references · 41

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  5. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
  7. 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
  8. 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
  9. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
  10. 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,277
  11. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
  12. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 6,054
29 more
  1. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  2. 2016Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs)cited by 3,502
  3. 2023Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detectioncited by 3,332
  4. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 3,045
  5. 2017FiLM: Visual Reasoning with a General Conditioning Layercited by 2,333
  6. 2022Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objectscited by 1,540
  7. 2017Multi-Task Learning Using Uncertainty to Weigh Losses for Scene Geometry and Semanticscited by 1,358
  8. 2017PoseCNN: A Convolutional Neural Network for 6D Object Pose Estimation in Cluttered Scenescited by 775
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  12. 2022MegaPose: 6D Pose Estimation of Novel Objects via Render & Comparecited by 201
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  18. 2022Deep Learning Approaches to Grasp Synthesis: A Reviewcited by 72
  19. 2023BOP Challenge 2022 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Specific Rigid Objectscited by 70
  20. 2020Learning RGB-D Feature Embeddings for Unseen Object Instance Segmentationcited by 64
  21. 2024BOP Challenge 2023 on Detection, Segmentation and Pose Estimation of Seen and Unseen Rigid Objectscited by 60
  22. 2021Zero-Shot Instance Segmentationcited by 40
  23. 2022Iterative Corresponding Geometry: Fusing Region and Depth for Highly Efficient 3D Tracking of Textureless Objectscited by 30
  24. 2023HiPose: Hierarchical Binary Surface Encoding and Correspondence Pruning for RGB-D 6DoF Object Pose Estimationcited by 17
  25. 2024Adapting Pre-Trained Vision Models for Novel Instance Detection and Segmentationcited by 17
  26. 2021Unknown Object Segmentation from Stereo Imagescited by 16
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Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2022DiffusionInst: Diffusion Model for Instance Segmentation
  2. 2024Zero-Shot Video Semantic Segmentation based on Pre-Trained Diffusion Models
  3. 2025TRACE: Your Diffusion Model is Secretly an Instance Edge Detector
  4. 2025Studying Image Diffusion Features for Zero-Shot Video Object Segmentation
  5. 2023MaskDiff: Modeling Mask Distribution with Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Few-Shot Instance Segmentation
  6. 2024Outline-Guided Object Inpainting with Diffusion Models
  7. 2024A Simple Latent Diffusion Approach for Panoptic Segmentation and Mask Inpainting
  8. 2023Object-Centric Slot Diffusion