Evaluating LLM Metrics Through Real-World Capabilities
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Abstract (arXiv)
As generative AI becomes increasingly embedded in everyday workflows, it is important to evaluate its performance in ways that reflect real-world usage rather than abstract notions of intelligence. Unlike many existing benchmarks that assess general intelligence, our approach focuses on real-world utility, evaluating how well models support users in everyday tasks. While current benchmarks emphasize code generation or factual recall, users rely on AI for a much broader range of activities-from writing assistance and summarization to citation formatting and stylistic feedback. In this paper, we analyze large-scale survey data and usage logs to identify six core capabilities that represent how people commonly use Large Language Models (LLMs): Summarization, Technical Assistance, Reviewing Work, Data Structuring, Generation, and Information Retrieval. We then assess the extent to which existing benchmarks cover these capabilities, revealing significant gaps in coverage, efficiency measurement, and interpretability. Drawing on this analysis, we use human-centered criteria to identify gaps in how well current benchmarks reflect common usage that is grounded in five practical criteria: coherence, accuracy, clarity, relevance, and efficiency. For four of the six capabilities, we identify the benchmarks that best align with real-world tasks and use them to compare leading models. We find that Google Gemini outperforms other models-including OpenAI's GPT, xAI's Grok, Meta's LLaMA, Anthropic's Claude, DeepSeek, and Qwen from Alibaba-on these utility-focused metrics.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 97 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 May 2025.
Builds on
39 of 97 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 8; 2026: 10.
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- 2025Drawing Conclusions from Draws: Rethinking Preference Semantics in Arena-Style LLM Evaluation2 Oct 2025
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- 2026RobustMAD: Evaluating Real-World Robustness of Multimodal Small Language Models for Deployable Anomaly Detection Assistantscited by 0
- 2026RobustMAD: Evaluating Real-World Robustness of Multimodal Small Language Models for Deployable Anomaly Detection Assistants26 Jun 2026
- 2026How to Ask the AI: A User Perspective Survey for Large Language Model Prompting17 Jun 2026
- 2026Who Does What? Archetypes of Roles Assigned to LLMs During Human-AI Decision-Making12 Feb 2026
- 2026Simulating Meaning, Nevermore! Introducing ICR: A Semiotic-Hermeneutic Metric for Evaluating Meaning in LLM Text Summaries3 Feb 2026
- 2026Federate the Router: Learning Language Model Routers with Sparse and Decentralized Evaluations29 Jan 2026
- 2026NC-Bench: An LLM Benchmark for Evaluating Conversational Competence10 Jan 2026
- 2025Plausibility as Failure: How LLMs and Humans Co-Construct Epistemic Error18 Dec 2025
- 2025Uncovering Competency Gaps in Large Language Models and Their Benchmarks6 Dec 2025
- 2025Simulated Self-Assessment in Large Language Models: A Psychometric Approach to AI Self-Efficacy25 Nov 2025
- 2025Mapping Overlaps in Benchmarks through Perplexity in the Wild27 Sep 2025