mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

AI Hiring with LLMs: A Context-Aware and Explainable Multi-Agent Framework for Resume Screening

arXiv 2504.02870 ↗First posted 1 Apr 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 20

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks

Abstract (arXiv)

Resume screening is a critical yet time-intensive process in talent acquisition, requiring recruiters to analyze vast volume of job applications while remaining objective, accurate, and fair. With the advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), their reasoning capabilities and extensive knowledge bases demonstrate new opportunities to streamline and automate recruitment workflows. In this work, we propose a multi-agent framework for resume screening using LLMs to systematically process and evaluate resumes. The framework consists of four core agents, including a resume extractor, an evaluator, a summarizer, and a score formatter. To enhance the contextual relevance of candidate assessments, we integrate Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) within the resume evaluator, allowing incorporation of external knowledge sources, such as industry-specific expertise, professional certifications, university rankings, and company-specific hiring criteria. This dynamic adaptation enables personalized recruitment, bridging the gap between AI automation and talent acquisition. We assess the effectiveness of our approach by comparing AI-generated scores with ratings provided by HR professionals on a dataset of anonymized online resumes. The findings highlight the potential of multi-agent RAG-LLM systems in automating resume screening, enabling more efficient and scalable hiring workflows.

Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 12 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2025.

Builds on

12 of 46 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Application of LLM Agents in Recruitment: A Novel Framework for Resume Screening16 Jan

Other references · 11

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
  2. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
  3. 2024Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicinecited by 331
  4. 2022A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Text Generationcited by 158
  5. 2024Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Knowledge Graphs for Customer Service Question Answeringcited by 96
  6. 2024CBR-RAG: Case-Based Reasoning for Retrieval Augmented Generation in LLMs for Legal Question Answeringcited by 72
  7. 2023A Survey of Reasoning with Foundation Modelscited by 70
  8. 2024Gender, Race, and Intersectional Bias in Resume Screening via Language Model Retrievalcited by 51
  9. 2024Financial Report Chunking for Effective Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 46
  10. 2023Retrieval-augmented Generation to Improve Math Question-Answering: Trade-offs Between Groundedness and Human Preferencecited by 38
  11. 2024MEDCO: Medical Education Copilots Based on A Multi-Agent Frameworkcited by 33

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 14.

20 papers.

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  1. 2025TRiSM for Agentic AI: A Review of Trust, Risk, and Security Management in LLM-based Agentic Multi-Agent Systemscited by 59
  2. 2025Multi-level Value Alignment in Agentic AI Systems: Survey and Perspectivescited by 5
  3. 2025AI Security Beyond Core Domains: Resume Screening as a Case Study of Adversarial Vulnerabilities in Specialized LLM Applicationscited by 3
  4. 2025Social Welfare Function Leaderboard: When LLM Agents Allocate Social Welfarecited by 2
  5. 2026CoMAI: A Collaborative Multi-Agent Framework for Robust and Equitable Interview Evaluationcited by 2
  6. 2025Diagnosing Shoulder Disorders Using Multimodal Large Language Models and Consumer-Grade Camerascited by 1
  7. 2026Visual Persuasion: What Influences Decisions of Vision-Language Models?cited by 1
  8. 2026PopResume: Causal Fairness Evaluation of LLM/VLM Resume Screeners with Population-Representative Datasetcited by 1
  9. 2026Whose Name Comes Up? III: Persona Prompting Effects in LLM-Based Scholar Recommendationcited by 1
  10. 2025AI-Driven Decision-Making System for Hiring Processcited by 0
  11. 2026Evaluating LLM Behavior in Hiring: Implicit Weights, Fairness Across Groups, and Alignment with Human Preferencescited by 0
  12. 2026Beyond the Resum'e: A Rubric-Aware Automatic Interview System for Information Elicitationcited by 0
8 more
  1. 2026AutoScreen-FW: An LLM-based Framework for Resume Screeningcited by 0
  2. 2026Overview of the TalentCLEF 2026: Skill and Job Title Intelligence for Human Capital Managementcited by 0
  3. 2026TalentCLEF at CLEF2026: Skill and Job Title Intelligence for Human Capital Managementcited by 0
  4. 2026Taking the Whys Seriously: Limitations of Counterfactual Explanations in Justification and Recoursecited by 0
  5. 2026Beyond Outcome Gaps: Process-Aware Fairness Diagnosis for LLM-based Multi-Agent Decision Systemscited by 0
  6. 2026When Hiring Becomes Agent-Mediated: Evaluating Access and Recurrence in Two-Agent R'esum'e Screeningcited by 0
  7. 2026Fairness Beyond Anonymization? Demographic Leakage in German LLM-Generated Resumescited by 0
  8. 2026From Lexical Baselines to Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Structured Skill and Responsibility-Level Extraction with the SFIA Frameworkcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Career-Aware Resume Tailoring via Multi-Source Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Provenance Tracking: A Case Study
  2. 2026Agentic AI for Human Resources: LLM-Driven Candidate Assessment
  3. 2025Let's Get You Hired: A Job Seeker's Perspective on Multi-Agent Recruitment Systems for Explaining Hiring Decisions
  4. 2026Synapse: Evolving Job-Person Fit with Explainable Two-phase Retrieval and LLM-guided Genetic Resume Optimization
  5. 2026From Matching Models to Recruiting Agents: A Systematized Narrative Review of AI Recruitment Systems, Evaluation, and Governance
  6. 2025Enhancing Talent Search Ranking with Role-Aware Expert Mixtures and LLM-based Fine-Grained Job Descriptions
  7. 2026An Efficient Long-Context Ranking Architecture With Calibrated LLM Distillation: Application to Person-Job Fit
  8. 2025Zara: An LLM-based Candidate Interview Feedback System