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Enhancing LLM Generation with Knowledge Hypergraph for Evidence-Based Medicine

arXiv 2503.16530 ↗First posted 18 Mar 2025cs.CL cs.AI cs.IRcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) plays a crucial role in the application of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare, as it provides reliable support for medical decision-making processes. Although it benefits from current retrieval-augmented generation~(RAG) technologies, it still faces two significant challenges: the collection of dispersed evidence and the efficient organization of this evidence to support the complex queries necessary for EBM. To tackle these issues, we propose using LLMs to gather scattered evidence from multiple sources and present a knowledge hypergraph-based evidence management model to integrate these evidence while capturing intricate relationships. Furthermore, to better support complex queries, we have developed an Importance-Driven Evidence Prioritization (IDEP) algorithm that utilizes the LLM to generate multiple evidence features, each with an associated importance score, which are then used to rank the evidence and produce the final retrieval results. Experimental results from six datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing RAG techniques in application domains of interest to EBM, such as medical quizzing, hallucination detection, and decision support. Testsets and the constructed knowledge graph can be accessed at hrefhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1WJ9QTokK3MdkjEmwuFQxwH96jByawj_/view?usp=drivelinkhttps://drive.google.com/rag4ebm.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2025.

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17 of 33 references.

References · 17

  1. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
  2. 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
  3. 2023Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 2,212
  4. 2024From Local to Global: A Graph RAG Approach to Query-Focused Summarizationcited by 1,453
  5. 2020What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Examscited by 1,356
  6. 2023In-Context Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 702
  7. 2022Precise Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval without Relevance Labelscited by 517
  8. 2023Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models with Iterative Retrieval-Generation Synergycited by 346
  9. 2024Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Surveycited by 324
  10. 2024Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Knowledge Graphs for Customer Service Question Answeringcited by 96
  11. 2024HybridRAG: Integrating Knowledge Graphs and Vector Retrieval Augmented Generation for Efficient Information Extractioncited by 93
  12. 2024Medical Graph RAG: Towards Safe Medical Large Language Model via Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 90
5 more
  1. 2024Plan-on-Graph: Self-Correcting Adaptive Planning of Large Language Model on Knowledge Graphscited by 78
  2. 2023Graph Reasoning for Question Answering with Triplet Retrievalcited by 34
  3. 2024BlendFilter: Advancing Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models via Query Generation Blending and Knowledge Filteringcited by 29
  4. 2024TC-RAG:Turing-Complete RAG's Case study on Medical LLM Systemscited by 28
  5. 2024Graphusion: A RAG Framework for Knowledge Graph Construction with a Global Perspectivecited by 12

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  1. 2025Rethinking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medicine: A Large-Scale, Systematic Expert Evaluation and Practical Insights
  2. 2025Reviewing Clinical Knowledge in Medical Large Language Models: Training and Beyond
  3. 2025META-RAG: Meta-Analysis-Inspired Evidence-Re-Ranking Method for Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Evidence-Based Medicine
  4. 2024A Review on Scientific Knowledge Extraction using Large Language Models in Biomedical Sciences
  5. 2023HyKGE: A Hypothesis Knowledge Graph Enhanced Framework for Accurate and Reliable Medical LLMs Responses
  6. 2026From Evidence-Based Medicine to Knowledge Graph: Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Sports Rehabilitation and a Domain Benchmark
  7. 2025Med-R2: Crafting Trustworthy LLM Physicians via Retrieval and Reasoning of Evidence-Based Medicine
  8. 2025Automated Construction of Medical Indicator Knowledge Graphs Using Retrieval Augmented Large Language Models