mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

Aligning Text to Image in Diffusion Models is Easier Than You Think

arXiv 2503.08250 ↗First posted 11 Mar 2025cs.CV cs.AI cs.LGcited by 21

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

While recent advancements in generative modeling have significantly improved text-image alignment, some residual misalignment between text and image representations still remains. Some approaches address this issue by fine-tuning models in terms of preference optimization, etc., which require tailored datasets. Orthogonal to these methods, we revisit the challenge from the perspective of representation alignment-an approach that has gained popularity with the success of REPresentation Alignment (REPA). We first argue that conventional text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, typically trained on paired image and text data (i.e., positive pairs) by minimizing score matching or flow matching losses, is suboptimal from the standpoint of representation alignment. Instead, a better alignment can be achieved through contrastive learning that leverages existing dataset as both positive and negative pairs. To enable efficient alignment with pretrained models, we propose SoftREPA- a lightweight contrastive fine-tuning strategy that leverages soft text tokens for representation alignment. This approach improves alignment with minimal computational overhead by adding fewer than 1M trainable parameters to the pretrained model. Our theoretical analysis demonstrates that our method explicitly increases the mutual information between text and image representations, leading to enhanced semantic consistency. Experimental results across text-to-image generation and text-guided image editing tasks validate the effectiveness of our approach in improving the semantic consistency of T2I generative models.

Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 41 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Mar 2025.

Builds on

41 of 49 references.

Closest ancestors · 3

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Not All Diffusion Model Activations Have Been Evaluated as Discriminative Features4 Oct
  2. 2023GenEval: An Object-Focused Framework for Evaluating Text-to-Image Alignment17 Oct
  3. 2023Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models31 Jan

Other references · 38

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,588
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,777
  3. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,550
  4. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,486
  5. 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 12,009
  6. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,082
  7. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,718
  8. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,827
  9. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 5,973
  10. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,542
  11. 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,363
  12. 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,323
26 more
  1. 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,314
  2. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,130
  3. 2021Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervisioncited by 3,855
  4. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 3,023
  5. 2021Learning to Prompt for Vision-Language Modelscited by 2,276
  6. 2022Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 1,677
  7. 2021Align before Fuse: Vision and Language Representation Learning with Momentum Distillationcited by 1,616
  8. 2022Conditional Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,431
  9. 2023ImageReward: Learning and Evaluating Human Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,028
  10. 2023Pick-a-Pic: An Open Dataset of User Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 961
  11. 2023Training Diffusion Models with Reinforcement Learningcited by 955
  12. 2024Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Modelscited by 913
  13. 2022Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translationcited by 903
  14. 2023Human Preference Score v2: A Solid Benchmark for Evaluating Human Preferences of Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 871
  15. 2023Diffusion Model Alignment Using Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 775
  16. 2023MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editingcited by 725
  17. 2024Representation Alignment for Generation: Training Diffusion Transformers Is Easier Than You Thinkcited by 679
  18. 2021Maximum Likelihood Training of Score-Based Diffusion Modelscited by 671
  19. 2024FlowEdit: Inversion-Free Text-Based Editing Using Pre-Trained Flow Modelscited by 215
  20. 2024CFG++: Manifold-constrained Classifier Free Guidance for Diffusion Modelscited by 145
  21. 2023End-to-End Diffusion Latent Optimization Improves Classifier Guidancecited by 108
  22. 2024Track4Gen: Teaching Video Diffusion Models to Track Points Improves Video Generationcited by 43
  23. 2025Calibrated Multi-Preference Optimization for Aligning Diffusion Modelscited by 40
  24. 2023Interpretable Diffusion via Information Decompositioncited by 37
  25. 2024Scalable Ranked Preference Optimization for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 33
  26. 2024Optical-Flow Guided Prompt Optimization for Coherent Video Generationcited by 17

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Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 14.

21 papers.

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  1. 2025Diffuse and Disperse: Image Generation with Representation Regularizationcited by 69
  2. 2026Stepwise Credit Assignment for GRPO on Flow-Matching Modelscited by 9
  3. 2026DreamWorld: Unified World Modeling in Video Generationcited by 6
  4. 2025MATRIX: Mask Track Alignment for Interaction-aware Video Generationcited by 4
  5. 2025Sprint: Sparse-Dense Residual Fusion for Efficient Diffusion Transformerscited by 4
  6. 2026Boosting Latent Diffusion Models via Disentangled Representation Alignmentcited by 4
  7. 2026DiverseDiT: Towards Diverse Representation Learning in Diffusion Transformerscited by 4
  8. 2026DetailAnywhere: Fashion Detail Generation via Cross-Modal Feature Alignment Distillationcited by 3
  9. 2025Reg-DPO: SFT-Regularized Direct Preference Optimization with GT-Pair for Improving Video Generationcited by 2
  10. 2025Direct Diffusion Score Preference Optimization via Stepwise Contrastive Policy-Pair Supervisioncited by 2
  11. 2025Repulsor: Accelerating Generative Modeling with a Contrastive Memory Bankcited by 1
  12. 2026CORAL: Correspondence Alignment for Improved Virtual Try-Oncited by 1
9 more
  1. 2026Offline Preference Optimization for Rectified Flow with Noise-Tracked Pairscited by 1
  2. 2026DiverseDiT++: Quantifying, Analyzing, and Promoting Representation Diversity in Diffusion Transformerscited by 1
  3. 2025Align Your Query: Representation Alignment for Multimodality Medical Object Detectioncited by 0
  4. 2026Representation-Regularized Convolutional Audio Transformer for Audio Understandingcited by 0
  5. 2026Alignment-Guided Score Matching for Text-to-Image Alignment in Diffusion Modelscited by 0
  6. 2026Learning Taxonomic Trees with Hierarchical Representation Regularization for Large Multimodal Modelscited by 0
  7. 2026Introspective Attention Modulation for Safe Text-to-Image Generationcited by 0
  8. 2026Representation Learning in Diffusion and Flow-based Model: An Application Aspectcited by 0
  9. 2026Beyond Random Couplings: Contrastive Noise Alignment in Generative Flowscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Improving Long-Text Alignment for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
  2. 2024Information Theoretic Text-to-Image Alignment
  3. 2024AlignIT: Enhancing Prompt Alignment in Customization of Text-to-Image Models
  4. 2024CoMat: Aligning Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Image-to-Text Concept Matching
  5. 2024Bridging the Gap: Aligning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Specific Feedback
  6. 2025Free Lunch Alignment of Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Preference Image Pairs
  7. 2024An Analysis of Human Alignment of Latent Diffusion Models
  8. 2023Aligning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Reward Backpropagation