PDB: Not All Drivers Are the Same -- A Personalized Dataset for Understanding Driving Behavior
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Abstract (arXiv)
Driving behavior is inherently personal, influenced by individual habits, decision-making styles, and physiological states. However, most existing datasets treat all drivers as homogeneous, overlooking driver-specific variability. To address this gap, we introduce the Personalized Driving Behavior (PDB) dataset, a multi-modal dataset designed to capture personalization in driving behavior under naturalistic driving conditions. Unlike conventional datasets, PDB minimizes external influences by maintaining consistent routes, vehicles, and lighting conditions across sessions. It includes sources from 128-line LiDAR, front-facing camera video, GNSS, 9-axis IMU, CAN bus data (throttle, brake, steering angle), and driver-specific signals such as facial video and heart rate. The dataset features 12 participants, approximately 270,000 LiDAR frames, 1.6 million images, and 6.6 TB of raw sensor data. The processed trajectory dataset consists of 1,669 segments, each spanning 10 seconds with a 0.2-second interval. By explicitly capturing drivers' behavior, PDB serves as a unique resource for human factor analysis, driver identification, and personalized mobility applications, contributing to the development of human-centric intelligent transportation systems.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Mar 2025.
Builds on
24 of 47 references.
References · 24
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,451
- 2018PointPillars: Fast Encoders for Object Detection from Point Cloudscited by 1,715
- 2019Argoverse: 3D Tracking and Forecasting with Rich Mapscited by 732
- 2023Argoverse 2: Next Generation Datasets for Self-Driving Perception and Forecastingcited by 707
- 2018The highD Dataset: A Drone Dataset of Naturalistic Vehicle Trajectories on German Highways for Validation of Highly Automated Driving Systemscited by 277
- 2022DAIR-V2X: A Large-Scale Dataset for Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative 3D Object Detectioncited by 273
- 2020One Thousand and One Hours: Self-driving Motion Prediction Datasetcited by 240
- 2020A2D2: Audi Autonomous Driving Datasetcited by 190
- 2021PandaSet: Advanced Sensor Suite Dataset for Autonomous Drivingcited by 190
- 2019The inD Dataset: A Drone Dataset of Naturalistic Road User Trajectories at German Intersectionscited by 137
- 2018Toward Driving Scene Understanding: A Dataset for Learning Driver Behavior and Causal Reasoningcited by 102
12 more
- 2017Predicting the Driver's Focus of Attention: the DR(eye)VE Projectcited by 79
- 2024V2X-Real: a Large-Scale Dataset for Vehicle-to-Everything Cooperative Perceptioncited by 66
- 2019A*3D Dataset: Towards Autonomous Driving in Challenging Environmentscited by 65
- 2020AB3DMOT: A Baseline for 3D Multi-Object Tracking and New Evaluation Metricscited by 63
- 2020DMD: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal Driver Monitoring Dataset for Attention and Alertness Analysiscited by 47
- 2020Driving Behavior Modeling using Naturalistic Human Driving Data with Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 46
- 2016Brain4Cars: Car That Knows Before You Do via Sensory-Fusion Deep Learning Architecturecited by 31
- 2022SIND: A Drone Dataset at Signalized Intersection in Chinacited by 30
- 2017MIT Advanced Vehicle Technology Study: Large-Scale Naturalistic Driving Study of Driver Behavior and Interaction with Automationcited by 15
- 2022Driver Digital Twin for Online Prediction of Personalized Lane Change Behaviorcited by 13
- 2021Decision Making of Connected Automated Vehicles at An Unsignalized Roundabout Considering Personalized Driving Behaviourscited by 5
- 2024KI-GAN: Knowledge-Informed Generative Adversarial Networks for Enhanced Multi-Vehicle Trajectory Forecasting at Signalized Intersectionscited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 5.
6 papers.
- 2025StyleDrive: Towards Driving-Style Aware Benchmarking of End-To-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 21
- 2026Can Users Specify Driving Speed? Bench2Drive-Speed: Benchmark and Baselines for Desired-Speed Conditioned Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2026Driving Like Yourself: A Benchmark for Closed-Loop Personalized End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
- 2026VISTA-DZ: Visual Semantic Trajectory Adaptation for Personalized Dilemma Zone Predictioncited by 0
- 2026DriveDNA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Naturalistic Driving Dataset and Benchmark for Driving Style Identificationcited by 0
- 2026PersonaDrive: Controllable Trajectory Prediction with Multi-Dimensional Driving Personascited by 0
- 2026PersonaDrive: Controllable Trajectory Prediction with Multi-Dimensional Driving Personas15 Aug 2026
- 2026DriveDNA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Naturalistic Driving Dataset and Benchmark for Driving Style Identification26 Jul 2026
- 2026VISTA-DZ: Visual Semantic Trajectory Adaptation for Personalized Dilemma Zone Prediction28 Jun 2026
- 2026Can Users Specify Driving Speed? Bench2Drive-Speed: Benchmark and Baselines for Desired-Speed Conditioned Autonomous Driving26 Mar 2026
- 2026Driving Like Yourself: A Benchmark for Closed-Loop Personalized End-to-End Autonomous Driving21 Feb 2026
- 2025StyleDrive: Towards Driving-Style Aware Benchmarking of End-To-End Autonomous Driving30 Jun 2025