mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Curating Demonstrations using Online Experience

arXiv 2503.03707 ↗First posted 5 Mar 2025cs.RO cs.AI cs.LGcited by 18

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Abstract (arXiv)

Many robot demonstration datasets contain heterogeneous demonstrations of varying quality. This heterogeneity may benefit policy pre-training, but can hinder robot performance when used with a final imitation learning objective. In particular, some strategies in the data may be less reliable than others or may be underrepresented in the data, leading to poor performance when such strategies are sampled at test time. Moreover, such unreliable or underrepresented strategies can be difficult even for people to discern, and sifting through demonstration datasets is time-consuming and costly. On the other hand, policy performance when trained on such demonstrations can reflect the reliability of different strategies. We thus propose for robots to self-curate based on online robot experience (Demo-SCORE). More specifically, we train and cross-validate a classifier to discern successful policy roll-outs from unsuccessful ones and use the classifier to filter heterogeneous demonstration datasets. Our experiments in simulation and the real world show that Demo-SCORE can effectively identify suboptimal demonstrations without manual curation. Notably, Demo-SCORE achieves over 15-35% higher absolute success rate in the resulting policy compared to the base policy trained with all original demonstrations.

Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Mar 2025.

Builds on

33 of 49 references.

References · 33

  1. 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusioncited by 2,838
  2. 2024π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Controlcited by 2,407
  3. 2023Learning Fine-Grained Bimanual Manipulation with Low-Cost Hardwarecited by 1,568
  4. 2024DROID: A Large-Scale In-The-Wild Robot Manipulation Datasetcited by 852
  5. 2021What Matters in Learning from Offline Human Demonstrations for Robot Manipulationcited by 725
  6. 2021Deduplicating Training Data Makes Language Models Bettercited by 714
  7. 2023DoReMi: Optimizing Data Mixtures Speeds Up Language Model Pretrainingcited by 399
  8. 2019Extrapolating Beyond Suboptimal Demonstrations via Inverse Reinforcement Learning from Observationscited by 260
  9. 2023RoboAgent: Generalization and Efficiency in Robot Manipulation via Semantic Augmentations and Action Chunkingcited by 169
  10. 2024Behavior Generation with Latent Actionscited by 160
  11. 2023A Survey of Imitation Learning: Algorithms, Recent Developments, and Challengescited by 148
  12. 2019Reinforcement Learning Upside Down: Don't Predict Rewards -- Just Map Them to Actionscited by 125
21 more
  1. 20243D Diffusion Policy: Generalizable Visuomotor Policy Learning via Simple 3D Representationscited by 116
  2. 2019Imitation Learning from Imperfect Demonstrationcited by 114
  3. 2019Reward-Conditioned Policiescited by 102
  4. 2020Learning Latent Representations to Influence Multi-Agent Interactioncited by 93
  5. 2022Discriminator-Weighted Offline Imitation Learning from Suboptimal Demonstrationscited by 89
  6. 2017Uncertainty-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Collision Avoidancecited by 88
  7. 2024AutoRT: Embodied Foundation Models for Large Scale Orchestration of Robotic Agentscited by 87
  8. 2024BAKU: An Efficient Transformer for Multi-Task Policy Learningcited by 80
  9. 2022Learning and Retrieval from Prior Data for Skill-based Imitation Learningcited by 77
  10. 2023Data Quality in Imitation Learningcited by 75
  11. 2024Equivariant Diffusion Policycited by 66
  12. 2023Behavior Retrieval: Few-Shot Imitation Learning by Querying Unlabeled Datasetscited by 58
  13. 2024QueST: Self-Supervised Skill Abstractions for Learning Continuous Controlcited by 53
  14. 2022Imitation Learning by Estimating Expertise of Demonstratorscited by 50
  15. 2024Re-Mix: Optimizing Data Mixtures for Large Scale Imitation Learningcited by 47
  16. 2024Efficient Data Collection for Robotic Manipulation via Compositional Generalizationcited by 37
  17. 2024PRISE: LLM-Style Sequence Compression for Learning Temporal Action Abstractions in Controlcited by 21
  18. 2024So You Think You Can Scale Up Autonomous Robot Data Collection?cited by 17
  19. 2023Learning to Discern: Imitating Heterogeneous Human Demonstrations with Preference and Representation Learningcited by 15
  20. 2024RoboCrowd: Scaling Robot Data Collection through Crowdsourcingcited by 5
  21. 2020Heterogeneous Learning from Demonstrationcited by 1

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 14.

18 papers.

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  1. 2025DataMIL: Selecting Data for Robot Imitation Learning with Datamodelscited by 28
  2. 2025CUPID: Curating Data your Robot Loves with Influence Functionscited by 23
  3. 2026World Action Verifier: Self-Improving World Models via Forward-Inverse Asymmetrycited by 18
  4. 2025SCIZOR: A Self-Supervised Approach to Data Curation for Large-Scale Imitation Learningcited by 9
  5. 2025X-Diffusion: Training Diffusion Policies on Cross-Embodiment Human Demonstrationscited by 6
  6. 2026Learning from the Best: Smoothness-Driven Metrics for Data Quality in Imitation Learningcited by 3
  7. 2026An Efficient Metric for Data Quality Measurement in Imitation Learningcited by 2
  8. 2026FACTR 2: Learning External Force Sensing for Commodity Robot Arms Improves Policy Learningcited by 2
  9. 2026Quality over Quantity: Demonstration Curation via Influence Functions for Data-Centric Robot Learningcited by 1
  10. 2026SPARC: Reliable Spatial Annotations from Robot Demonstrations at Scalecited by 1
  11. 2026Active Real-World Factor-Based Evaluation for Generalist Robot Policiescited by 1
  12. 2026Geometric Entropy: When Trajectory Diversity Helps and Hurts in Imitation Learningcited by 0
6 more
  1. 2026TSD: A Physics-Inspired Trajectory Saliency Detector for Efficient Imitation Learningcited by 0
  2. 2026Robo-ValueRL: Reliable Value Estimation for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  3. 2026Auditing Instruction-Trajectory Mismatches in Multimodal Robot Demonstrationscited by 0
  4. 2026No Free Checker: A Survey of Verifiers for Robot Policiescited by 0
  5. 2026NEEDLEWORK: Offline Rewriting of Robot Data with Verified Local Stitchescited by 0
  6. 2026Where Small Mistakes Matter: Quantifying State Criticality for Imitation Learningcited by 0

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  1. 2025Robot Data Curation with Mutual Information Estimators
  2. 2024Consistency Matters: Defining Demonstration Data Quality Metrics in Robot Learning from Demonstration
  3. 2022Quantifying Demonstration Quality for Robot Learning and Generalization
  4. 2021Learning from Imperfect Demonstrations from Agents with Varying Dynamics
  5. 2026How to Utilize Failure Demo Data?: Effective Data Selection for Imitation Learning Using Distribution Differences in Attention Mechanism
  6. 2024VITAL: Interactive Few-Shot Imitation Learning via Visual Human-in-the-Loop Corrections
  7. 2025Action Chunking and Exploratory Data Collection Yield Exponential Improvements in Behavior Cloning for Continuous Control
  8. 2021Towards Sample-efficient Apprenticeship Learning from Suboptimal Demonstration