Towards Enhanced Immersion and Agency for LLM-based Interactive Drama
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Abstract (arXiv)
LLM-based Interactive Drama is a novel AI-based dialogue scenario, where the user (i.e. the player) plays the role of a character in the story, has conversations with characters played by LLM agents, and experiences an unfolding story. This paper begins with understanding interactive drama from two aspects: Immersion, the player's feeling of being present in the story, and Agency, the player's ability to influence the story world. Both are crucial to creating an enjoyable interactive experience, while they have been underexplored in previous work. To enhance these two aspects, we first propose Playwriting-guided Generation, a novel method that helps LLMs craft dramatic stories with substantially improved structures and narrative quality. Additionally, we introduce Plot-based Reflection for LLM agents to refine their reactions to align with the player's intentions. Our evaluation relies on human judgment to assess the gains of our methods in terms of immersion and agency.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Feb 2025.
Builds on
21 of 45 references.
References · 21
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
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- 2022Co-Writing Screenplays and Theatre Scripts with Language Models: An Evaluation by Industry Professionalscited by 191
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9 more
- 2024The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Modelscited by 47
- 2024From Role-Play to Drama-Interaction: An LLM Solutioncited by 42
- 2024IBSEN: Director-Actor Agent Collaboration for Controllable and Interactive Drama Script Generationcited by 35
- 2023Making Large Language Models Better Data Creatorscited by 28
- 2022PoeLM: A Meter- and Rhyme-Controllable Language Model for Unsupervised Poetry Generationcited by 22
- 2023A Survey of AI Music Generation Tools and Modelscited by 9
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- 2024The Drama Machine: Simulating Character Development with LLM Agentscited by 5
- 2022A Survey on Artificial Intelligence for Music Generation: Agents, Domains and Perspectivescited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 6.
9 papers.
- 2025CogDual: Enhancing Dual Cognition of LLMs via Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Rule-Based Rewardscited by 6
- 2026ArcANE: Do Role-Playing Language Agents Stay in Character at the Right Time?cited by 2
- 2026Can LLM Agents Stick to the Script? A Benchmark for Long-Horizon Consistency in Interactive Narrativescited by 2
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Eracited by 2
- 2025HAMLET: A Hierarchical and Adaptive Multi-Agent Framework for Live Embodied Theatricscited by 1
- 2025OPEN-THEATRE: An Open-Source Toolkit for LLM-based Interactive Dramacited by 1
- 2026AlphaContext: An Evolutionary Tree-based Psychometric Context Generator for Creativity Assessmentcited by 1
- 2026MedGame: Storytelling Gamification Empowered by Large Language Models for Medical Educationcited by 0
- 2026ANIMASK: What the Model Contributes to Role Play in Simulated Story Worldscited by 0
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Era15 Sep 2026
- 2026ANIMASK: What the Model Contributes to Role Play in Simulated Story Worlds15 Sep 2026
- 2026Can LLM Agents Stick to the Script? A Benchmark for Long-Horizon Consistency in Interactive Narratives8 Aug 2026
- 2026MedGame: Storytelling Gamification Empowered by Large Language Models for Medical Education23 Jul 2026
- 2026ArcANE: Do Role-Playing Language Agents Stay in Character at the Right Time?4 Jun 2026
- 2026AlphaContext: An Evolutionary Tree-based Psychometric Context Generator for Creativity Assessment20 Apr 2026
- 2025OPEN-THEATRE: An Open-Source Toolkit for LLM-based Interactive Drama20 Sep 2025
- 2025CogDual: Enhancing Dual Cognition of LLMs via Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Rule-Based Rewards23 Jul 2025
- 2025HAMLET: A Hierarchical and Adaptive Multi-Agent Framework for Live Embodied Theatrics21 Jul 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026NARRA-Gym for Evaluating Interactive Narrative Agents
- 2025Test-Time-Matching: Decouple Personality, Memory, and Linguistic Style in LLM-based Role-Playing Language Agent
- 2026AdaMARP: An Adaptive Multi-Agent Interaction Framework for General Immersive Role-Playing
- 2024Drama Engine: A Framework for Narrative Agents
- 2026Improving Collaborative Storytelling with a Multi-Agent Framework Based on Large Language Models
- 2024ERABAL: Enhancing Role-Playing Agents through Boundary-Aware Learning
- 2024clembench-2024: A Challenging, Dynamic, Complementary, Multilingual Benchmark and Underlying Flexible Framework for LLMs as Multi-Action Agents
- 2024Crafting Customisable Characters with LLMs: A Persona-Driven Role-Playing Agent Framework