Beyond Factual Accuracy: Evaluating Coverage of Diverse Factual Information in Long-form Text Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper presents ICAT, an evaluation framework for measuring coverage of diverse factual information in long-form text generation. ICAT breaks down a long output text into a list of atomic claims and not only verifies each claim through retrieval from a (reliable) knowledge source, but also computes the alignment between the atomic factual claims and various aspects expected to be presented in the output. We study three implementations of the ICAT framework, each with a different assumption on the availability of aspects and alignment method. By adopting data from the diversification task in the TREC Web Track and the ClueWeb corpus, we evaluate the ICAT framework. We demonstrate strong correlation with human judgments and provide comprehensive evaluation across multiple state-of-the-art LLMs. Our framework further offers interpretable and fine-grained analysis of diversity and coverage. Its modular design allows for easy adaptation to different domains and datasets, making it a valuable tool for evaluating the qualitative aspects of long-form responses produced by LLMs.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Jan 2025.
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24 of 39 references.
References · 24
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12 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 8.
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- 2025Mitigating Manipulation and Enhancing Persuasion: A Reflective Multi-Agent Approach for Legal Argument Generationcited by 8
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- 2025LongWeave: A Long-Form Generation Benchmark Bridging Real-World Relevance and Verifiability28 Oct 2025
- 2025Comprehensiveness Metrics for Automatic Evaluation of Factual Recall in Text Generation9 Oct 2025
- 2025All Claims Are Equal, but Some Claims Are More Equal Than Others: Importance-Sensitive Factuality Evaluation of LLM Generations8 Oct 2025
- 2025Mitigating Manipulation and Enhancing Persuasion: A Reflective Multi-Agent Approach for Legal Argument Generation3 Jun 2025
- 2026Beyond Relevance: On the Relationship Between Retrieval and RAG Information Coveragecited by 1
- 2025Plan-and-Refine: Diverse and Comprehensive Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 0
- 2026Parametric Knowledge in RAG-SFT for Domain-Specific Document Generationcited by 0
- 2026Local-to-Global Sentence-Level Graph Reranking for Scientific Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026Local-to-Global Sentence-Level Graph Reranking for Scientific Synthesis31 Aug 2026
- 2026Parametric Knowledge in RAG-SFT for Domain-Specific Document Generation24 Mar 2026
- 2026Beyond Relevance: On the Relationship Between Retrieval and RAG Information Coverage9 Mar 2026
- 2025Plan-and-Refine: Diverse and Comprehensive Retrieval-Augmented Generation10 Apr 2025
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- 2025ExPerT: Effective and Explainable Evaluation of Personalized Long-Form Text Generationcited by 26
- 2025All Claims Are Equal, but Some Claims Are More Equal Than Others: Importance-Sensitive Factuality Evaluation of LLM Generationscited by 6
- 2026Beyond Precision: Importance-Aware Recall for Factuality Evaluation in Long-Form LLM Generationcited by 4
- 2025Comprehensiveness Metrics for Automatic Evaluation of Factual Recall in Text Generationcited by 2
- 2025LongWeave: A Long-Form Generation Benchmark Bridging Real-World Relevance and Verifiabilitycited by 2
- 2026LongSumEval: Question-Answering Based Evaluation and Feedback-Driven Refinement for Long Document Summarizationcited by 1
- 2026CREDENCE: Claim Reduction for Decomposition & Enhanced Credibility -- Semantic Metrics and Convergence Analysiscited by 1
- 2026LOOMSUM:Weaving Quantitative and Narrative Evidence for Faithful Long Text-Table Summarizationcited by 0
- 2026LOOMSUM:Weaving Quantitative and Narrative Evidence for Faithful Long Text-Table Summarization31 Aug 2026
- 2026CREDENCE: Claim Reduction for Decomposition & Enhanced Credibility -- Semantic Metrics and Convergence Analysis18 Jun 2026
- 2026LongSumEval: Question-Answering Based Evaluation and Feedback-Driven Refinement for Long Document Summarization28 Apr 2026
- 2026Beyond Precision: Importance-Aware Recall for Factuality Evaluation in Long-Form LLM Generation3 Apr 2026
- 2025LongWeave: A Long-Form Generation Benchmark Bridging Real-World Relevance and Verifiability28 Oct 2025
- 2025Comprehensiveness Metrics for Automatic Evaluation of Factual Recall in Text Generation9 Oct 2025
- 2025All Claims Are Equal, but Some Claims Are More Equal Than Others: Importance-Sensitive Factuality Evaluation of LLM Generations8 Oct 2025
- 2025LaMP-QA: A Benchmark for Personalized Long-form Question Answering30 May 2025
- 2025ExPerT: Effective and Explainable Evaluation of Personalized Long-Form Text Generation24 Jan 2025