HumanVBench: Probing Human-Centric Video Understanding in MLLMs with Automatically Synthesized Benchmarks
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs
Abstract (arXiv)
Evaluating the nuanced human-centric video understanding capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains a great challenge, as existing benchmarks often overlook the intricacies of emotion, behavior, and cross-modal alignment. We introduce HumanVBench, a comprehensive video benchmark designed to rigorously probe these capabilities across 16 fine-grained tasks. A cornerstone of our work is a novel and scalable benchmark construction methodology, featuring two automated pipelines that synthesize high-quality video annotations and challenging multiple-choice questions with minimal human labor. By leveraging state-of-the-art models for annotation and systematically converting model-induced errors into plausible distractors, our framework provides a generalizable ``machine'' for creating nuanced evaluation suites. Our extensive evaluation of 30 leading MLLMs on HumanVBench reveals critical deficiencies, particularly in perceiving subtle emotions and aligning speech with visual cues, with even top proprietary models falling short of human performance. We open-source HumanVBench and our synthesis pipelines to catalyze the development of more socially intelligent and capable video MLLMs.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 42 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Dec 2024.
Builds on
42 of 61 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2024LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-context Interleaved Video-Language Understanding22 Jul
- 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis31 May
- 2023Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection16 Nov
- 2023Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understanding5 Jun
Other references · 38
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,151
- 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
- 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,534
- 2024Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scalingcited by 1,573
- 2023ImageBind: One Embedding Space To Bind Them Allcited by 1,162
- 2024Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?cited by 893
- 2023VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understandingcited by 851
- 2024VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMscited by 749
- 2023VILA: On Pre-training for Visual Language Modelscited by 686
- 2018MELD: A Multimodal Multi-Party Dataset for Emotion Recognition in Conversationscited by 636
- 2019ActivityNet-QA: A Dataset for Understanding Complex Web Videos via Question Answeringcited by 559
- 2024LLaVA-Video: Video Instruction Tuning With Synthetic Datacited by 550
26 more
- 2018TVQA: Localized, Compositional Video Question Answeringcited by 463
- 2024ShareGPT4Video: Improving Video Understanding and Generation with Better Captionscited by 386
- 2024MLVU: Benchmarking Multi-task Long Video Understandingcited by 275
- 2024CogVLM2: Visual Language Models for Image and Video Understandingcited by 214
- 2023Video Understanding with Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 203
- 2023OneLLM: One Framework to Align All Modalities with Languagecited by 185
- 2019TVQA+: Spatio-Temporal Grounding for Video Question Answeringcited by 153
- 2017S3FD: Single Shot Scale-invariant Face Detectorcited by 142
- 2024Beyond LLaVA-HD: Diving into High-Resolution Large Multimodal Modelscited by 75
- 2024Natural Language Understanding and Inference with MLLM in Visual Question Answering: A Surveycited by 74
- 2023ChatBridge: Bridging Modalities with Large Language Model as a Language Catalystcited by 64
- 2023Data-Juicer: A One-Stop Data Processing System for Large Language Modelscited by 52
- 2023A Light Weight Model for Active Speaker Detectioncited by 39
- 2023HumanBench: Towards General Human-centric Perception with Projector Assisted Pretrainingcited by 38
- 2023LvBench: A Benchmark for Long-form Video Understanding with Versatile Multi-modal Question Answeringcited by 25
- 2024MIO: A Foundation Model on Multimodal Tokenscited by 24
- 2020Better Distractions: Transformer-based Distractor Generation and Multiple Choice Question Filteringcited by 17
- 2024Img-Diff: Contrastive Data Synthesis for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 17
- 2024From Training-Free to Adaptive: Empirical Insights into MLLMs' Understanding of Detection Informationcited by 16
- 2023ANetQA: A Large-scale Benchmark for Fine-grained Compositional Reasoning over Untrimmed Videoscited by 15
- 2024Exploring Automated Distractor Generation for Math Multiple-choice Questions via Large Language Modelscited by 15
- 2024The Synergy between Data and Multi-Modal Large Language Models: A Survey from Co-Development Perspectivecited by 14
- 2023VEATIC: Video-based Emotion and Affect Tracking in Context Datasetcited by 12
- 2024Unsupervised Distractor Generation via Large Language Model Distilling and Counterfactual Contrastive Decodingcited by 11
- 2024HERM: Benchmarking and Enhancing Multimodal LLMs for Human-Centric Understandingcited by 7
- 2019Activitynet 2019 Task 3: Exploring Contexts for Dense Captioning Events in Videoscited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 3.
10 papers.
- 2025Video-MMLU: A Massive Multi-Discipline Lecture Understanding Benchmarkcited by 37
- 2025From Perception to Cognition: A Survey of Vision-Language Interactive Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 26
- 2025VistaDPO: Video Hierarchical Spatial-Temporal Direct Preference Optimization for Large Video Modelscited by 14
- 2025MindGYM: What Matters in Question Synthesis for Thinking-Centric Fine-Tuning?cited by 6
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2025HumanVideo-MME: Benchmarking MLLMs for Human-Centric Video Understandingcited by 4
- 2025HumanPCR: Probing MLLM Capabilities in Diverse Human-Centric Scenescited by 2
- 2026FineBench: Benchmarking and Enhancing Vision-Language Models for Fine-grained Human Activity Understandingcited by 2
- 2026MHPR: Multidimensional Human Perception and Reasoning Benchmark for Large Vision-Languate Modelscited by 0
- 2026HUG-VIS: A Multimodal Benchmark for Human-centered Understanding and Generation in Visual Intelligencecited by 0
- 2026HUG-VIS: A Multimodal Benchmark for Human-centered Understanding and Generation in Visual Intelligence27 Aug 2026
- 2026FineBench: Benchmarking and Enhancing Vision-Language Models for Fine-grained Human Activity Understanding19 May 2026
- 2026MHPR: Multidimensional Human Perception and Reasoning Benchmark for Large Vision-Languate Models5 May 2026
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Models30 Sep 2025
- 2025From Perception to Cognition: A Survey of Vision-Language Interactive Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models29 Sep 2025
- 2025HumanPCR: Probing MLLM Capabilities in Diverse Human-Centric Scenes19 Aug 2025
- 2025HumanVideo-MME: Benchmarking MLLMs for Human-Centric Video Understanding7 Jul 2025
- 2025Video-MMLU: A Massive Multi-Discipline Lecture Understanding Benchmark20 Apr 2025
- 2025VistaDPO: Video Hierarchical Spatial-Temporal Direct Preference Optimization for Large Video Models17 Apr 2025
- 2025MindGYM: What Matters in Question Synthesis for Thinking-Centric Fine-Tuning?12 Mar 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2025HumanOmni: A Large Vision-Speech Language Model for Human-Centric Video Understanding
- 2026Can Vision-Language Models Analyze Human-Centered Video? Mapping Model Capabilities and Human-AI Collaborative Workflows
- 2024LVBench: An Extreme Long Video Understanding Benchmark
- 2024MMBench-Video: A Long-Form Multi-Shot Benchmark for Holistic Video Understanding
- 2026SYNCR: A Cross-Video Reasoning Benchmark with Synthetic Grounding
- 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmark
- 2024StreamingBench: Assessing the Gap for MLLMs to Achieve Streaming Video Understanding
- 2026Benchmarking Visual State Tracking in Multimodal Video Understanding