Generative AI in Medicine
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Abstract (arXiv)
The increased capabilities of generative AI have dramatically expanded its possible use cases in medicine. We provide a comprehensive overview of generative AI use cases for clinicians, patients, clinical trial organizers, researchers, and trainees. We then discuss the many challenges -- including maintaining privacy and security, improving transparency and interpretability, upholding equity, and rigorously evaluating models -- which must be overcome to realize this potential, and the open research directions they give rise to.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 70 of its 247 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Dec 2024.
Builds on
70 of 247 references.
References · 70
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
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- 2019PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answeringcited by 1,271
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38 more
- 2023Med-Flamingo: a Multimodal Medical Few-shot Learnercited by 387
- 2020Med-BERT: pre-trained contextualized embeddings on large-scale structured electronic health records for disease predictioncited by 368
- 2022Diffusion Models for Medical Image Analysis: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 269
- 2021Deep Generative Modelling: A Comparative Review of VAEs, GANs, Normalizing Flows, Energy-Based and Autoregressive Modelscited by 251
- 2019Hidden Stratification Causes Clinically Meaningful Failures in Machine Learning for Medical Imagingcited by 215
- 2022Large Language Models are Few-Shot Clinical Information Extractorscited by 206
- 2023ChatGPT Beyond English: Towards a Comprehensive Evaluation of Large Language Models in Multilingual Learningcited by 203
- 2017Generating Multi-label Discrete Patient Records using Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 197
- 2021Evaluating Gradient Inversion Attacks and Defenses in Federated Learningcited by 196
- 2022End-to-end symbolic regression with transformerscited by 195
- 2022Are Large Pre-Trained Language Models Leaking Your Personal Information?cited by 195
- 2021Reading Race: AI Recognises Patient's Racial Identity In Medical Imagescited by 155
- 2021Disparities in Dermatology AI: Assessments Using Diverse Clinical Imagescited by 132
- 2020Ethical Machine Learning in Health Carecited by 112
- 2021Medical Visual Question Answering: A Surveycited by 93
- 2023Generative models improve fairness of medical classifiers under distribution shiftscited by 90
- 2023Identifying and Mitigating the Security Risks of Generative AIcited by 90
- 2023Large-scale Training of Foundation Models for Wearable Biosignalscited by 89
- 2024ECG-FM: An Open Electrocardiogram Foundation Modelcited by 89
- 2022Adapting Pretrained Vision-Language Foundational Models to Medical Imaging Domainscited by 85
- 2023The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AIcited by 85
- 2024BioMedLM: A 2.7B Parameter Language Model Trained On Biomedical Textcited by 85
- 2020Interpretability of machine learning based prediction models in healthcarecited by 75
- 2023Bridging the Gulf of Envisioning: Cognitive Design Challenges in LLM Interfacescited by 71
- 2023Goal Driven Discovery of Distributional Differences via Language Descriptionscited by 61
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- 2023Self-Verification Improves Few-Shot Clinical Information Extractioncited by 52
- 2022Investigating Explainability of Generative AI for Code through Scenario-based Designcited by 47
- 2023ScribblePrompt: Fast and Flexible Interactive Segmentation for Any Biomedical Imagecited by 47
- 2022How to Prompt? Opportunities and Challenges of Zero- and Few-Shot Learning for Human-AI Interaction in Creative Applications of Generative Modelscited by 43
- 2021Securing Secure Aggregation: Mitigating Multi-Round Privacy Leakage in Federated Learningcited by 38
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- 2023Improving Human-AI Collaboration With Descriptions of AI Behaviorcited by 35
- 2024Zero-Shot Clinical Trial Patient Matching with LLMscited by 35
- 2023Foundation Metrics for Evaluating Effectiveness of Healthcare Conversations Powered by Generative AIcited by 32
- 2022Federated Learning for Privacy Preservation in Smart Healthcare Systems: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 31
- 2023Automated Paper Screening for Clinical Reviews Using Large Language Modelscited by 29
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