Divot: Diffusion Powers Video Tokenizer for Comprehension and Generation
On the map: Diffusion models → Video generation
Abstract (arXiv)
In recent years, there has been a significant surge of interest in unifying image comprehension and generation within Large Language Models (LLMs). This growing interest has prompted us to explore extending this unification to videos. The core challenge lies in developing a versatile video tokenizer that captures both the spatial characteristics and temporal dynamics of videos to obtain representations for LLMs, and the representations can be further decoded into realistic video clips to enable video generation. In this work, we introduce Divot, a Diffusion-Powered Video Tokenizer, which leverages the diffusion process for self-supervised video representation learning. We posit that if a video diffusion model can effectively de-noise video clips by taking the features of a video tokenizer as the condition, then the tokenizer has successfully captured robust spatial and temporal information. Additionally, the video diffusion model inherently functions as a de-tokenizer, decoding videos from their representations. Building upon the Divot tokenizer, we present Divot-Vicuna through video-to-text autoregression and text-to-video generation by modeling the distributions of continuous-valued Divot features with a Gaussian Mixture Model. Experimental results demonstrate that our diffusion-based video tokenizer, when integrated with a pre-trained LLM, achieves competitive performance across various video comprehension and generation benchmarks. The instruction tuned Divot-Vicuna also excels in video storytelling, generating interleaved narratives and corresponding videos.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Video generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 80 of its 90 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Dec 2024.
Builds on
80 of 90 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasets25 Nov
- 2023VideoCrafter1: Open Diffusion Models for High-Quality Video Generation30 Oct
- 2023DynamiCrafter: Animating Open-domain Images with Video Diffusion Priors18 Oct
- 2023Preserve Your Own Correlation: A Noise Prior for Video Diffusion Models17 May
- 2023Align your Latents: High-Resolution Video Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models18 Apr
Other references · 75
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
- 2017Neural Discrete Representation Learningcited by 4,650
- 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,337
- 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,131
38 more
- 2024Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of contextcited by 3,175
- 2023Mistral 7Bcited by 3,065
- 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfercited by 2,669
- 2017The Kinetics Human Action Video Datasetcited by 1,894
- 2022Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Datacited by 1,725
- 2021Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Videocited by 1,530
- 2023Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projectioncited by 1,385
- 2018Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challengescited by 1,204
- 2021Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrievalcited by 1,175
- 2017The "something something" video database for learning and evaluating visual common sensecited by 1,092
- 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,086
- 2023Video-ChatGPT: Towards Detailed Video Understanding via Large Vision and Language Modelscited by 1,047
- 2022CogVideo: Large-scale Pretraining for Text-to-Video Generation via Transformerscited by 973
- 2024Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Modelscited by 904
- 2024Emu3: Next-Token Prediction is All You Needcited by 761
- 2024VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMscited by 749
- 2021NExT-QA:Next Phase of Question-Answering to Explaining Temporal Actionscited by 735
- 2024Show-o: One Single Transformer to Unify Multimodal Understanding and Generationcited by 734
- 2023EgoSchema: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Very Long-form Video Language Understandingcited by 666
- 2021VideoGPT: Video Generation using VQ-VAE and Transformerscited by 651
- 2024Autoregressive Image Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 644
- 2017Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videoscited by 616
- 2023NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLMcited by 610
- 2019ActivityNet-QA: A Dataset for Understanding Complex Web Videos via Question Answeringcited by 559
- 2023LLaMA-VID: An Image is Worth 2 Tokens in Large Language Modelscited by 539
- 2021Label-Efficient Semantic Segmentation with Diffusion Modelscited by 495
- 2023InternVid: A Large-scale Video-Text Dataset for Multimodal Understanding and Generationcited by 488
- 2023VideoPoet: A Large Language Model for Zero-Shot Video Generationcited by 479
- 2019CLEVRER: CoLlision Events for Video REpresentation and Reasoningcited by 475
- 2024Transfusion: Predict the Next Token and Diffuse Images with One Multi-Modal Modelcited by 468
- 2023VideoComposer: Compositional Video Synthesis with Motion Controllabilitycited by 461
- 2024Janus: Decoupling Visual Encoding for Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generationcited by 447
- 2023Generative Multimodal Models are In-Context Learnerscited by 446
- 2024Panda-70M: Captioning 70M Videos with Multiple Cross-Modality Teacherscited by 389
- 2023Open-Vocabulary Panoptic Segmentation with Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 371
- 2024Mini-Gemini: Mining the Potential of Multi-modality Vision Language Modelscited by 361
- 2024SEED-X: Multimodal Models with Unified Multi-granularity Comprehension and Generationcited by 328
- 2024PLLaVA : Parameter-free LLaVA Extension from Images to Videos for Video Dense Captioningcited by 320
50 most cited of 75 All 75 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 4.
8 papers.
- 2025"Principal Components" Enable A New Language of Imagescited by 25
- 2026VideoWorld 2: Learning Transferable Knowledge from Real-world Videoscited by 11
- 2025AnimeGamer: Infinite Anime Life Simulation with Next Game State Predictioncited by 7
- 2026VTok: A Unified Video Tokenizer with Decoupled Spatial-Temporal Latentscited by 3
- 2026V-RAE: Rethinking Video Latent Spaces for Generationcited by 3
- 2025What Happens Next? Next Scene Prediction with a Unified Video Modelcited by 2
- 2026PhiZero: A World Model Built Around Physical Languagecited by 2
- 2025UniCUE: Unified Recognition and Generation Framework for Chinese Cued Speech Video-to-Speech Generationcited by 0
- 2026V-RAE: Rethinking Video Latent Spaces for Generation13 Aug 2026
- 2026PhiZero: A World Model Built Around Physical Language30 Jul 2026
- 2026VideoWorld 2: Learning Transferable Knowledge from Real-world Videos10 Feb 2026
- 2026VTok: A Unified Video Tokenizer with Decoupled Spatial-Temporal Latents4 Feb 2026
- 2025What Happens Next? Next Scene Prediction with a Unified Video Model15 Dec 2025
- 2025UniCUE: Unified Recognition and Generation Framework for Chinese Cued Speech Video-to-Speech Generation4 Jun 2025
- 2025AnimeGamer: Infinite Anime Life Simulation with Next Game State Prediction1 Apr 2025
- 2025"Principal Components" Enable A New Language of Images11 Mar 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generation
- 2023VideoGen: A Reference-Guided Latent Diffusion Approach for High Definition Text-to-Video Generation
- 2024VideoTetris: Towards Compositional Text-to-Video Generation
- 2024DiCoDe: Diffusion-Compressed Deep Tokens for Autoregressive Video Generation with Language Models
- 2025Rethinking Video Tokenization: A Conditioned Diffusion-based Approach
- 2024Mimir: Improving Video Diffusion Models for Precise Text Understanding
- 2024Efficient Video Diffusion Models via Content-Frame Motion-Latent Decomposition
- 2025TokensGen: Harnessing Condensed Tokens for Long Video Generation