ForgerySleuth: Empowering Multimodal Large Language Models for Image Manipulation Detection
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM jailbreaks and adversarial robustness
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal large language models have unlocked new possibilities for various multimodal tasks. However, their potential in image manipulation detection remains unexplored. When directly applied to the IMD task, M-LLMs often produce reasoning texts that suffer from hallucinations and overthinking. To address this, we propose ForgerySleuth, which leverages M-LLMs to perform comprehensive clue fusion and generate segmentation outputs indicating specific regions that are tampered with. Moreover, we construct the ForgeryAnalysis dataset through the Chain-of-Clues prompt, which includes analysis and reasoning text to upgrade the image manipulation detection task. A data engine is also introduced to build a larger-scale dataset for the pre-training phase. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of ForgeryAnalysis and show that ForgerySleuth significantly outperforms existing methods in generalization, robustness, and explainability.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM jailbreaks and adversarial robustness, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 39 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Nov 2024.
Builds on
39 of 75 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 38
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
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- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
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- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
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- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
- 2023Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Modelscited by 3,211
- 2024SAM 2: Segment Anything in Images and Videoscited by 2,863
- 2024Depth Anything: Unleashing the Power of Large-Scale Unlabeled Datacited by 1,360
26 more
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- 2021Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentationcited by 1,152
- 2023Kosmos-2: Grounding Multimodal Large Language Models to the Worldcited by 1,089
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- 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captionscited by 1,005
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 909
- 2016COCO-Stuff: Thing and Stuff Classes in Contextcited by 864
- 2023LISA: Reasoning Segmentation via Large Language Modelcited by 776
- 2023Visual ChatGPT: Talking, Drawing and Editing with Visual Foundation Modelscited by 668
- 2023VisionLLM: Large Language Model is also an Open-Ended Decoder for Vision-Centric Taskscited by 501
- 2023Med-Flamingo: a Multimodal Medical Few-shot Learnercited by 392
- 2023An Embodied Generalist Agent in 3D Worldcited by 365
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 290
- 2023GPT4Tools: Teaching Large Language Model to Use Tools via Self-instructioncited by 248
- 2021PSCC-Net: Progressive Spatio-Channel Correlation Network for Image Manipulation Detection and Localizationcited by 133
- 2022TruFor: Leveraging all-round clues for trustworthy image forgery detection and localizationcited by 130
- 2021Image Manipulation Detection by Multi-View Multi-Scale Supervisioncited by 111
- 2020SPAN: Spatial Pyramid Attention Network forImage Manipulation Localizationcited by 92
- 2021Learning JPEG Compression Artifacts for Image Manipulation Detection and Localizationcited by 78
- 2022ObjectFormer for Image Manipulation Detection and Localizationcited by 78
- 2023Seeing is not always believing: Benchmarking Human and Model Perception of AI-Generated Imagescited by 66
- 2017Image Splicing Localization Using A Multi-Task Fully Convolutional Network (MFCN)cited by 64
- 2023AutoSplice: A Text-prompt Manipulated Image Dataset for Media Forensicscited by 46
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 5.
11 papers.
- 2025BusterX: MLLM-Powered AI-Generated Video Forgery Detection and Explanationcited by 33
- 2025AIGI-Holmes: Towards Explainable and Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection via Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 33
- 2025Skyra: AI-Generated Video Detection via Grounded Artifact Reasoningcited by 25
- 2025Survey on AI-Generated Media Detection: From Non-MLLM to MLLMcited by 12
- 2025RAIDX: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation and GRPO Reinforcement Learning Framework for Explainable Deepfake Detectioncited by 8
- 2026EvoGuard: An Extensible Agentic RL-based Framework for Practical and Evolving AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 6
- 2025REVEAL: Reasoning-Enhanced Forensic Evidence Analysis for Explainable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 5
- 2026SIGMA: Semantic-Difference Instruction-Grounding Mask Annotator for Text-Driven Image Manipulation Localizationcited by 0
- 2026Can Vision-Language Models Reason about AI Edits in Images?cited by 0
- 2026Forensic-Aware Continual Adaptation for Image Forgery Localizationcited by 0
- 2026Agentic Tool-Augmented Reasoning for Explainable Image Forgery Detectioncited by 0
- 2026Agentic Tool-Augmented Reasoning for Explainable Image Forgery Detection30 Sep 2026
- 2026Forensic-Aware Continual Adaptation for Image Forgery Localization29 Sep 2026
- 2026Can Vision-Language Models Reason about AI Edits in Images?30 Jul 2026
- 2026SIGMA: Semantic-Difference Instruction-Grounding Mask Annotator for Text-Driven Image Manipulation Localization27 May 2026
- 2026EvoGuard: An Extensible Agentic RL-based Framework for Practical and Evolving AI-Generated Image Detection18 Mar 2026
- 2025Skyra: AI-Generated Video Detection via Grounded Artifact Reasoning17 Dec 2025
- 2025REVEAL: Reasoning-Enhanced Forensic Evidence Analysis for Explainable AI-Generated Image Detection28 Nov 2025
- 2025RAIDX: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation and GRPO Reinforcement Learning Framework for Explainable Deepfake Detection6 Aug 2025
- 2025AIGI-Holmes: Towards Explainable and Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection via Multimodal Large Language Models3 Jul 2025
- 2025BusterX: MLLM-Powered AI-Generated Video Forgery Detection and Explanation19 May 2025
- 2025Survey on AI-Generated Media Detection: From Non-MLLM to MLLM7 Feb 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2025ManipShield: A Unified Framework for Image Manipulation Detection, Localization and Explanation
- 2025Detecting Text Manipulation in Images using Vision Language Models
- 2024ForgeryGPT: A Multimodal LLM for Interpretable Image Forgery Detection and Localization
- 2025Toward Generalizable Forgery Detection and Reasoning
- 2026REVEAL: Reference-Grounded Reasoning for Multimodal Manipulation Detection
- 2025REVEAL -- Reasoning and Evaluation of Visual Evidence through Aligned Language
- 2025Unlocking the Forgery Detection Potential of Vanilla MLLMs: A Novel Training-Free Pipeline
- 2025Interpretable and Reliable Detection of AI-Generated Images via Grounded Reasoning in MLLMs