ReactZyme: A Benchmark for Enzyme-Reaction Prediction
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Enzymes, with their specific catalyzed reactions, are necessary for all aspects of life, enabling diverse biological processes and adaptations. Predicting enzyme functions is essential for understanding biological pathways, guiding drug development, enhancing bioproduct yields, and facilitating evolutionary studies. Addressing the inherent complexities, we introduce a new approach to annotating enzymes based on their catalyzed reactions. This method provides detailed insights into specific reactions and is adaptable to newly discovered reactions, diverging from traditional classifications by protein family or expert-derived reaction classes. We employ machine learning algorithms to analyze enzyme reaction datasets, delivering a much more refined view on the functionality of enzymes. Our evaluation leverages the largest enzyme-reaction dataset to date, derived from the SwissProt and Rhea databases with entries up to January 8, 2024. We frame the enzyme-reaction prediction as a retrieval problem, aiming to rank enzymes by their catalytic ability for specific reactions. With our model, we can recruit proteins for novel reactions and predict reactions in novel proteins, facilitating enzyme discovery and function annotation (https://github.com/WillHua127/ReactZyme).
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 83 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2024.
Builds on
23 of 83 references.
References · 23
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2021E(n) Equivariant Graph Neural Networkscited by 951
- 2018GraphRNN: Generating Realistic Graphs with Deep Auto-regressive Modelscited by 406
- 2022DiffDock: Diffusion Steps, Twists, and Turns for Molecular Dockingcited by 307
- 2016Molecular Graph Convolutions: Moving Beyond Fingerprintscited by 238
- 2022Revisiting Heterophily For Graph Neural Networkscited by 169
- 2021Frame Averaging for Invariant and Equivariant Network Designcited by 166
- 2022Protein Representation Learning by Geometric Structure Pretrainingcited by 161
- 2022EquiBind: Geometric Deep Learning for Drug Binding Structure Predictioncited by 143
- 2020Molecule Attention Transformercited by 92
- 2019Variational Graph Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 86
- 2021Is Heterophily A Real Nightmare For Graph Neural Networks To Do Node Classification?cited by 82
11 more
- 2017Learning Graph-Level Representation for Drug Discoverycited by 43
- 2023MUDiff: Unified Diffusion for Complete Molecule Generationcited by 41
- 2022Structure-based drug design with geometric deep learningcited by 40
- 2022E3Bind: An End-to-End Equivariant Network for Protein-Ligand Dockingcited by 35
- 2024The Heterophilic Graph Learning Handbook: Benchmarks, Models, Theoretical Analysis, Applications and Challengescited by 29
- 2022High-Order Pooling for Graph Neural Networks with Tensor Decompositioncited by 24
- 2024MAPE-PPI: Towards Effective and Efficient Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction via Microenvironment-Aware Protein Embeddingcited by 22
- 2022Complete the Missing Half: Augmenting Aggregation Filtering with Diversification for Graph Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 19
- 2023Learning to design protein-protein interactions with enhanced generalizationcited by 15
- 2024Effective Protein-Protein Interaction Exploration with PPIretrievalcited by 5
- 2024Deep Geometry Handling and Fragment-wise Molecular 3D Graph Generationcited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 7; 2026: 3.
13 papers.
Sort:
- 2025Computational Protein Science in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)cited by 6
- 2024EnzymeFlow: Generating Reaction-specific Enzyme Catalytic Pockets through Flow Matching and Co-Evolutionary Dynamicscited by 5
- 2024Revealing the Pitfalls and Re-Evaluating the Advancement of Heterophilic Graph Learningcited by 3
- 2024Reaction-conditioned De Novo Enzyme Design with GENzymecited by 3
- 2025UniZyme: A Unified Protein Cleavage Site Predictor Enhanced with Enzyme Active-Site Knowledgecited by 3
- 2025Advances in Protein Representation Learning: Methods, Applications, and Future Directionscited by 3
- 2025EnzyControl: Adding Functional and Substrate-Specific Control for Enzyme Backbone Generationcited by 1
- 2026Improving Enzyme Prediction with Chemical Reaction Equations by Hypergraph-Enhanced Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 1
- 2025AlphaFold Database Debiasing for Robust Inverse Foldingcited by 0
- 2025Exploring Heterophily in Graph-level Taskscited by 0
- 2025Multi-Alignment Contrastive Learning for Enzyme--Reaction Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026TIGER: Text-Informed Generalized Enzyme-Reaction Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Learning for Enzyme-Substrate Interaction Prediction Under Low-Homology Shift22 Jun 2026
- 2026TIGER: Text-Informed Generalized Enzyme-Reaction Retrieval23 May 2026
- 2026Improving Enzyme Prediction with Chemical Reaction Equations by Hypergraph-Enhanced Knowledge Graph Embeddings8 Jan 2026
- 2025Multi-Alignment Contrastive Learning for Enzyme--Reaction Retrieval9 Dec 2025
- 2025EnzyControl: Adding Functional and Substrate-Specific Control for Enzyme Backbone Generation29 Oct 2025
- 2025Exploring Heterophily in Graph-level Tasks23 Sep 2025
- 2025AlphaFold Database Debiasing for Robust Inverse Folding10 Jun 2025
- 2025Advances in Protein Representation Learning: Methods, Applications, and Future Directions20 Mar 2025
- 2025UniZyme: A Unified Protein Cleavage Site Predictor Enhanced with Enzyme Active-Site Knowledge10 Feb 2025
- 2025Computational Protein Science in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)17 Jan 2025
- 2024Reaction-conditioned De Novo Enzyme Design with GENzyme10 Nov 2024
- 2024EnzymeFlow: Generating Reaction-specific Enzyme Catalytic Pockets through Flow Matching and Co-Evolutionary Dynamics1 Oct 2024
- 2025Computational Protein Science in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)cited by 6
- 2024EnzymeFlow: Generating Reaction-specific Enzyme Catalytic Pockets through Flow Matching and Co-Evolutionary Dynamicscited by 5
- 2024Revealing the Pitfalls and Re-Evaluating the Advancement of Heterophilic Graph Learningcited by 3
- 2024Reaction-conditioned De Novo Enzyme Design with GENzymecited by 3
- 2025UniZyme: A Unified Protein Cleavage Site Predictor Enhanced with Enzyme Active-Site Knowledgecited by 3
- 2025Advances in Protein Representation Learning: Methods, Applications, and Future Directionscited by 3
- 2025EnzyControl: Adding Functional and Substrate-Specific Control for Enzyme Backbone Generationcited by 1
- 2026Improving Enzyme Prediction with Chemical Reaction Equations by Hypergraph-Enhanced Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 1
- 2025AlphaFold Database Debiasing for Robust Inverse Foldingcited by 0
- 2025Exploring Heterophily in Graph-level Taskscited by 0
- 2025Multi-Alignment Contrastive Learning for Enzyme--Reaction Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026TIGER: Text-Informed Generalized Enzyme-Reaction Retrievalcited by 0
12 most cited of 13 All 13 (JSON)
- 2026Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Learning for Enzyme-Substrate Interaction Prediction Under Low-Homology Shift22 Jun 2026
- 2026TIGER: Text-Informed Generalized Enzyme-Reaction Retrieval23 May 2026
- 2026Improving Enzyme Prediction with Chemical Reaction Equations by Hypergraph-Enhanced Knowledge Graph Embeddings8 Jan 2026
- 2025Multi-Alignment Contrastive Learning for Enzyme--Reaction Retrieval9 Dec 2025
- 2025EnzyControl: Adding Functional and Substrate-Specific Control for Enzyme Backbone Generation29 Oct 2025
- 2025Exploring Heterophily in Graph-level Tasks23 Sep 2025
- 2025AlphaFold Database Debiasing for Robust Inverse Folding10 Jun 2025
- 2025Advances in Protein Representation Learning: Methods, Applications, and Future Directions20 Mar 2025
- 2025UniZyme: A Unified Protein Cleavage Site Predictor Enhanced with Enzyme Active-Site Knowledge10 Feb 2025
- 2025Computational Protein Science in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)17 Jan 2025
- 2024Reaction-conditioned De Novo Enzyme Design with GENzyme10 Nov 2024
- 2024EnzymeFlow: Generating Reaction-specific Enzyme Catalytic Pockets through Flow Matching and Co-Evolutionary Dynamics1 Oct 2024
12 newest of 13 All 13 (JSON)