mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

PyBench: Evaluating LLM Agent on various real-world coding tasks

arXiv 2407.16732 ↗First posted 23 Jul 2024cs.SE cs.AIcited by 24

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Software engineering coding agents

Abstract (arXiv)

The LLM Agent, equipped with a code interpreter, is capable of automatically solving real-world coding tasks, such as data analysis and image editing. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on either simplistic tasks, such as completing a few lines of code, or on extremely complex and specific tasks at the repository level, neither of which are representative of various daily coding tasks. To address this gap, we introduce PyBench, a benchmark encompassing five main categories of real-world tasks, covering more than 10 types of files. Given a high-level user query and related files, the LLM Agent needs to reason and execute Python code via a code interpreter for a few turns before making a formal response to fulfill the user's requirements. Successfully addressing tasks in PyBench demands a robust understanding of various Python packages, superior reasoning capabilities, and the ability to incorporate feedback from executed code. Our evaluations indicate that current open-source LLMs are struggling with these tasks. Hence, we conduct analysis and experiments on four kinds of datasets proving that comprehensive abilities are needed for PyBench. Our fine-tuned 8B size model: PyLlama3 achieves an exciting performance on PyBench which surpasses many 33B and 70B size models. Our Benchmark, Training Dataset, and Model are available at: https://github.com/Mercury7353/PyBench

Key facts. Cited by 24 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Software engineering coding agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 34 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Jul 2024.

Builds on

34 of 49 references.

References · 34

  1. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  2. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
  3. 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,053
  4. 2021Program Synthesis with Large Language Modelscited by 3,509
  5. 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
  6. 2023Qwen Technical Reportcited by 3,273
  7. 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,193
  8. 2023A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agentscited by 2,203
  9. 2023Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Codecited by 2,105
  10. 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIscited by 1,880
  11. 2023MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Frameworkcited by 1,761
  12. 2023Is Your Code Generated by ChatGPT Really Correct? Rigorous Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code Generationcited by 1,332
22 more
  1. 2024DeepSeek-Coder: When the Large Language Model Meets Programming -- The Rise of Code Intelligencecited by 1,154
  2. 2021Measuring Coding Challenge Competence With APPScited by 879
  3. 2023Enhancing Chat Language Models by Scaling High-quality Instructional Conversationscited by 825
  4. 2023WizardCoder: Empowering Code Large Language Models with Evol-Instructcited by 728
  5. 2023AgentVerse: Facilitating Multi-Agent Collaboration and Exploring Emergent Behaviorscited by 580
  6. 2022DS-1000: A Natural and Reliable Benchmark for Data Science Code Generationcited by 442
  7. 2023TinyStories: How Small Can Language Models Be and Still Speak Coherent English?cited by 425
  8. 2023RepoCoder: Repository-Level Code Completion Through Iterative Retrieval and Generationcited by 357
  9. 2024DeepSeek-Coder-V2: Breaking the Barrier of Closed-Source Models in Code Intelligencecited by 325
  10. 2023CodeGeeX: A Pre-Trained Model for Code Generation with Multilingual Benchmarking on HumanEval-Xcited by 294
  11. 2023MINT: Evaluating LLMs in Multi-turn Interaction with Tools and Language Feedbackcited by 293
  12. 2023Magicoder: Empowering Code Generation with OSS-Instructcited by 251
  13. 2024OpenCodeInterpreter: Integrating Code Generation with Execution and Refinementcited by 242
  14. 2024Data Interpreter: An LLM Agent For Data Sciencecited by 222
  15. 2023AutoAgents: A Framework for Automatic Agent Generationcited by 211
  16. 2023ClassEval: A Manually-Crafted Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Class-level Code Generationcited by 166
  17. 2023TACO: Topics in Algorithmic COde generation datasetcited by 150
  18. 2023Scaling Laws of RoPE-based Extrapolationcited by 124
  19. 2024MatPlotAgent: Method and Evaluation for LLM-Based Agentic Scientific Data Visualizationcited by 98
  20. 2024NExT: Teaching Large Language Models to Reason about Code Executioncited by 60
  21. 2024Prompting Large Language Models to Tackle the Full Software Development Lifecycle: A Case Studycited by 40
  22. 2023CodeScope: An Execution-based Multilingual Multitask Multidimensional Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Code Understanding and Generationcited by 39

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 15; 2026: 3.

24 papers.

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  1. 2024GraphRouter: A Graph-based Router for LLM Selectionscited by 154
  2. 2024CORE-Bench: Fostering the Credibility of Published Research Through a Computational Reproducibility Agent Benchmarkcited by 115
  3. 2025Monte Carlo Tree Search for Comprehensive Exploration in LLM-Based Automatic Heuristic Designcited by 100
  4. 2024AutoKaggle: A Multi-Agent Framework for Autonomous Data Science Competitionscited by 70
  5. 2025MLE-Dojo: Interactive Environments for Empowering LLM Agents in Machine Learning Engineeringcited by 38
  6. 2024TDD-Bench Verified: Can LLMs Generate Tests for Issues Before They Get Resolved?cited by 32
  7. 2024When LLMs Go Online: The Emerging Threat of Web-Enabled LLMscited by 22
  8. 2025Large Language Model-based Data Science Agent: A Surveycited by 22
  9. 2025SEW: Self-Evolving Agentic Workflows for Automated Code Generationcited by 18
  10. 2025Murakkab: Resource-Efficient Agentic Workflow Orchestration in Cloud Platformscited by 18
  11. 2025LoCoBench-Agent: An Interactive Benchmark for LLM Agents in Long-Context Software Engineeringcited by 16
  12. 2025Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 12
12 more
  1. 2025FusionFactory: Fusing LLM Capabilities with Multi-LLM Log Datacited by 10
  2. 2026Live-Evo: Online Evolution of Agentic Memory from Continuous Feedbackcited by 8
  3. 2026ABC-Bench: Benchmarking Agentic Backend Coding in Real-World Developmentcited by 6
  4. 2024SimBench: A Framework for Evaluating and Diagnosing LLM-Based Digital-Twin Generation for Multi-Physics Simulationcited by 3
  5. 2025AgentCoMa: A Compositional Benchmark Mixing Commonsense and Mathematical Reasoning in Real-World Scenarioscited by 3
  6. 2025NGENT: Next-Generation AI Agents Must Integrate Multi-Domain Abilities to Achieve Artificial General Intelligencecited by 2
  7. 2025Multilingual Multimodal Software Developer for Code Generationcited by 2
  8. 2025Running in CIRCLE? A Simple Benchmark for LLM Code Interpreter Securitycited by 2
  9. 2025Towards Structurally Explainable Machine-Generated Text Detection: A Graph-Perspective Frameworkcited by 1
  10. 2025Helmsman: Autonomous Synthesis of Federated Learning Systems via Collaborative LLM Agentscited by 1
  11. 2025Why Stop at One Error? Benchmarking LLMs as Data Science Code Debuggers for Multi-Hop and Multi-Bug Errorscited by 0
  12. 2026OpenRTLSet: A Fully Open-Source Dataset for Large Language Model-based Verilog Module Designcited by 0

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  1. 2024CodeAgent: Enhancing Code Generation with Tool-Integrated Agent Systems for Real-World Repo-level Coding Challenges
  2. 2024CIBench: Evaluating Your LLMs with a Code Interpreter Plugin
  3. 2025Automatically Benchmarking LLM Code Agents through Agent-Driven Annotation and Evaluation
  4. 2026FormulaCode: Evaluating Agentic Optimization on Large Codebases
  5. 2023ML-Bench: Evaluating Large Language Models and Agents for Machine Learning Tasks on Repository-Level Code
  6. 2025SWE-PolyBench: A multi-language benchmark for repository level evaluation of coding agents
  7. 2026Frontier Coding Agents Use Metaprogramming to Adapt to Unfamiliar Programming Languages
  8. 2026Evaluating LLMs Code Reasoning Under Real-World Context