mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MR-MLLM: Mutual Reinforcement of Multimodal Comprehension and Vision Perception

arXiv 2406.15768 ↗First posted 22 Jun 2024cs.CVcited by 3

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning

Abstract (arXiv)

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and common sense reasoning, while visual perception models have made significant strides in perception tasks, such as detection and segmentation. However, MLLMs mainly focus on high-level image-text interpretations and struggle with fine-grained visual understanding, and vision perception models usually suffer from open-world distribution shifts due to their limited model capacity. To overcome these challenges, we propose the Mutually Reinforced Multimodal Large Language Model (MR-MLLM), a novel framework that synergistically enhances visual perception and multimodal comprehension. First, a shared query fusion mechanism is proposed to harmonize detailed visual inputs from vision models with the linguistic depth of language models, enhancing multimodal comprehension and vision perception synergistically. Second, we propose the perception-enhanced cross-modal integration method, incorporating novel modalities from vision perception outputs, like object detection bounding boxes, to capture subtle visual elements, thus enriching the understanding of both visual and textual data. In addition, an innovative perception-embedded prompt generation mechanism is proposed to embed perceptual information into the language model's prompts, aligning the responses contextually and perceptually for a more accurate multimodal interpretation. Extensive experiments demonstrate MR-MLLM's superior performance in various multimodal comprehension and vision perception tasks, particularly those requiring corner case vision perception and fine-grained language comprehension.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 44 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jun 2024.

Builds on

44 of 55 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023SPHINX: The Joint Mixing of Weights, Tasks, and Visual Embeddings for Multi-modal Large Language Models13 Nov
  2. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning5 Oct
  3. 2023Shikra: Unleashing Multimodal LLM's Referential Dialogue Magic27 Jun
  4. 2023InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuning11 May

Other references · 40

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  3. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  4. 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
  5. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
  6. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
  7. 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,069
  8. 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,310
  9. 2021Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learnerscited by 3,747
  10. 2020Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detectioncited by 3,410
  11. 2023Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detectioncited by 3,274
  12. 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,689
28 more
  1. 2016Visual Genome: Connecting Language and Vision Using Crowdsourced Dense Image Annotationscited by 2,646
  2. 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,498
  3. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,489
  4. 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,696
  5. 2019FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detectioncited by 1,573
  6. 2019LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformerscited by 1,548
  7. 2017Cascade R-CNN: Delving into High Quality Object Detectioncited by 1,275
  8. 2021Conceptual 12M: Pushing Web-Scale Image-Text Pre-Training To Recognize Long-Tail Visual Conceptscited by 1,209
  9. 2019OK-VQA: A Visual Question Answering Benchmark Requiring External Knowledgecited by 1,114
  10. 2023LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attentioncited by 776
  11. 2023Instruction Tuning with GPT-4cited by 676
  12. 2023MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learningcited by 617
  13. 2023LLaMA-Adapter V2: Parameter-Efficient Visual Instruction Modelcited by 602
  14. 2021ClipCap: CLIP Prefix for Image Captioningcited by 557
  15. 2023VisionLLM: Large Language Model is also an Open-Ended Decoder for Vision-Centric Taskscited by 499
  16. 2018nocaps: novel object captioning at scalecited by 444
  17. 2021Towards Open World Object Detectioncited by 297
  18. 2022Visual Spatial Reasoningcited by 288
  19. 2022DETRs with Collaborative Hybrid Assignments Trainingcited by 273
  20. 2022OPT-IML: Scaling Language Model Instruction Meta Learning through the Lens of Generalizationcited by 235
  21. 2023Point-Bind & Point-LLM: Aligning Point Cloud with Multi-modality for 3D Understanding, Generation, and Instruction Followingcited by 192
  22. 2021Dynamic Head: Unifying Object Detection Heads with Attentionscited by 185
  23. 2021Fast Convergence of DETR with Spatially Modulated Co-Attentioncited by 176
  24. 2023ImageBind-LLM: Multi-modality Instruction Tuningcited by 142
  25. 2023Grounding Language Models to Images for Multimodal Inputs and Outputscited by 129
  26. 2022CODA: A Real-World Road Corner Case Dataset for Object Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 100
  27. 2022MonoDETR: Depth-guided Transformer for Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 85
  28. 2021SODA10M: A Large-Scale 2D Self/Semi-Supervised Object Detection Dataset for Autonomous Drivingcited by 43

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 3.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models
  2. 2025MLLMs Know Where to Look: Training-free Perception of Small Visual Details with Multimodal LLMs
  3. 2024Explainable and Interpretable Multimodal Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey
  4. 2025Perception-R1: Advancing Multimodal Reasoning Capabilities of MLLMs via Visual Perception Reward
  5. 2024Incorporating Visual Experts to Resolve the Information Loss in Multimodal Large Language Models
  6. 2023MM-BigBench: Evaluating Multimodal Models on Multimodal Content Comprehension Tasks
  7. 2026From Structure to Synergy: A Survey of Vision-Language Perception Paradigm Evolution in Multimodal Large Language Models
  8. 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Models