Knowledge-Infused Legal Wisdom: Navigating LLM Consultation through the Lens of Diagnostics and Positive-Unlabeled Reinforcement Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
The integration of generative Large Language Models (LLMs) into various applications, including the legal domain, has been accelerated by their expansive and versatile nature. However, when facing a legal case, users without a legal background often struggle to formulate professional queries and may inadvertently overlook critical legal factors when presenting their case narrative to LLMs. To address this issue, we propose the Diagnostic Legal Large Language Model (D3LM), which utilizes adaptive lawyer-like diagnostic questions to collect additional case information and then provides high-quality feedback. D3LM incorporates an innovative graph-based Positive-Unlabeled Reinforcement Learning (PURL) algorithm, enabling the generation of critical questions and enhancing user-LLM interactions. Moreover, an integrated LLM-based stopping criterion facilitates precise Court Views Generation (CVG). Our research also introduces a new English-language CVG dataset based on the US case law database, enriching the realm of LLM research and deployment with a vital dimension. D3LM surpasses classical LLMs by delivering outstanding performance and a remarkable user experience in the legal domain.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 12 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jun 2024.
Builds on
12 of 38 references.
References · 12
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
12 papers.
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- 2024ROSE: A Reward-Oriented Data Selection Framework for LLM Task-Specific Instruction Tuningcited by 10
- 2025Intelligent Legal Assistant: An Interactive Clarification System for Legal Question Answeringcited by 5
- 2025Teaching According to Students' Aptitude: Personalized Mathematics Tutoring via Persona-, Memory-, and Forgetting-Aware LLMscited by 3
- 2025LeCoDe: A Benchmark Dataset for Interactive Legal Consultation Dialogue Evaluationcited by 2
- 2025Active Domain Knowledge Acquisition with 100-Dollar Budget: Enhancing LLMs via Cost-Efficient, Expert-Involved Interaction in Sensitive Domainscited by 2
- 2026"Excuse me, may I say something..." CoLabScience, A Proactive AI Assistant for Biomedical Discovery and LLM-Expert Collaborationscited by 1
- 2025Auto-Drafting Police Reports from Noisy ASR Outputs: A Trust-Centered LLM Approachcited by 0
- 2025Aplicacc~ao de Large Language Models na An'alise e S'intese de Documentos Jur'idicos: Uma Revis~ao de Literaturacited by 0
- 2026BodyCam-VQA: Enhanced Body-Worn Camera Video Captioning via Multimodal Reasoning and Probe Question Generationcited by 0
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- 2026CamPilot: A Multi-Agent Cinematic Assistant for Camera-Controlled Movie Generation10 Sep 2026
- 2026BodyCam-VQA: Enhanced Body-Worn Camera Video Captioning via Multimodal Reasoning and Probe Question Generation9 Sep 2026
- 2026"Excuse me, may I say something..." CoLabScience, A Proactive AI Assistant for Biomedical Discovery and LLM-Expert Collaborations16 Apr 2026
- 2025Teaching According to Students' Aptitude: Personalized Mathematics Tutoring via Persona-, Memory-, and Forgetting-Aware LLMs19 Nov 2025
- 2025Active Domain Knowledge Acquisition with 100-Dollar Budget: Enhancing LLMs via Cost-Efficient, Expert-Involved Interaction in Sensitive Domains24 Aug 2025
- 2025MIRAGE: A Benchmark for Multimodal Information-Seeking and Reasoning in Agricultural Expert-Guided Conversations25 Jun 2025
- 2025FinLoRA: Benchmarking LoRA Methods for Fine-Tuning LLMs on Financial Datasets26 May 2025
- 2025LeCoDe: A Benchmark Dataset for Interactive Legal Consultation Dialogue Evaluation26 May 2025
- 2025Aplicacc~ao de Large Language Models na An'alise e S'intese de Documentos Jur'idicos: Uma Revis~ao de Literatura1 Apr 2025
- 2025Intelligent Legal Assistant: An Interactive Clarification System for Legal Question Answering11 Feb 2025
- 2025Auto-Drafting Police Reports from Noisy ASR Outputs: A Trust-Centered LLM Approach11 Feb 2025
- 2024ROSE: A Reward-Oriented Data Selection Framework for LLM Task-Specific Instruction Tuning1 Dec 2024
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