mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Wav-KAN: Wavelet Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

arXiv 2405.12832 ↗First posted 21 May 2024cs.LG cs.AI eess.SPcited by 118

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we introduce Wav-KAN, an innovative neural network architecture that leverages the Wavelet Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (Wav-KAN) framework to enhance interpretability and performance. Traditional multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) and even recent advancements like Spl-KAN face challenges related to interpretability, training speed, robustness, computational efficiency, and performance. Wav-KAN addresses these limitations by incorporating wavelet functions into the Kolmogorov-Arnold network structure, enabling the network to capture both high-frequency and low-frequency components of the input data efficiently. Wavelet-based approximations employ orthogonal or semi-orthogonal basis and maintain a balance between accurately representing the underlying data structure and avoiding overfitting to the noise. While continuous wavelet transform (CWT) has a lot of potentials, we also employed discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for multiresolution analysis, which obviated the need for recalculation of the previous steps in finding the details. Analogous to how water conforms to the shape of its container, Wav-KAN adapts to the data structure, resulting in enhanced accuracy, faster training speeds, and increased robustness compared to Spl-KAN and MLPs. Our results highlight the potential of Wav-KAN as a powerful tool for developing interpretable and high-performance neural networks, with applications spanning various fields. This work sets the stage for further exploration and implementation of Wav-KAN in frameworks such as PyTorch and TensorFlow, aiming to make wavelets in KAN as widespread as activation functions like ReLU and sigmoid in universal approximation theory (UAT). The codes to replicate the simulations are available at https://github.com/zavareh1/Wav-KAN.

Key facts. Cited by 118 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 12 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 May 2024.

Builds on

12 of 21 references.

References · 12

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  4. 2017Towards A Rigorous Science of Interpretable Machine Learningcited by 1,400
  5. 2023Sparse Autoencoders Find Highly Interpretable Features in Language Modelscited by 1,359
  6. 2024KAN: Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 634
  7. 2020A Survey on Neural Network Interpretabilitycited by 291
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 58; 2025: 38; 2026: 22.

118 papers.

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  1. 2024KAN 2.0: Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks Meet Sciencecited by 116
  2. 2024A Survey on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkcited by 67
  3. 2024Kolmogorov Arnold Informed neural network: A physics-informed deep learning framework for solving forward and inverse problems based on Kolmogorov Arnold Networkscited by 64
  4. 2024fKAN: Fractional Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks with trainable Jacobi basis functionscited by 60
  5. 2024A Temporal Kolmogorov-Arnold Transformer for Time Series Forecastingcited by 50
  6. 2024Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Satellite Image Classification in Remote Sensingcited by 46
  7. 2024Adaptive Training of Grid-Dependent Physics-Informed Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 37
  8. 2024KANQAS: Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Quantum Architecture Searchcited by 36
  9. 2024On the expressiveness and spectral bias of KANscited by 36
  10. 2024Exploring the Potential of Polynomial Basis Functions in Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks: A Comparative Study of Different Groups of Polynomialscited by 33
  11. 2024Unveiling the Power of Wavelets: A Wavelet-based Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Hyperspectral Image Classificationcited by 33
  12. 2024Suitability of KANs for Computer Vision: A preliminary investigationcited by 33
38 more
  1. 2024ReLU-KAN: New Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks that Only Need Matrix Addition, Dot Multiplication, and ReLUcited by 32
  2. 2024rKAN: Rational Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 31
  3. 2024Physics Informed Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural Networks for Dynamical Analysis via Efficent-KAN and WAV-KANcited by 25
  4. 2024Exploring the Limitations of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Classification: Insights to Software Training and Hardware Implementationcited by 22
  5. 2024FC-KAN: Function Combinations in Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 18
  6. 2024Reduced Effectiveness of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks on Functions with Noisecited by 17
  7. 2024SineKAN: Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks Using Sinusoidal Activation Functionscited by 15
  8. 2024DropKAN: Regularizing KANs by masking post-activationscited by 14
  9. 2024SigKAN: Signature-Weighted Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks for Time Seriescited by 13
  10. 2024Higher-order-ReLU-KANs (HRKANs) for solving physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) more accurately, robustly and fastercited by 13
  11. 2024SPIKANs: Separable Physics-Informed Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 12
  12. 2024On the Robustness of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks: An Adversarial Perspectivecited by 11
  13. 2024Generalization Bounds and Model Complexity for Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 11
  14. 2024Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Online Reinforcement Learningcited by 9
  15. 2024Activation Space Selectable Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 9
  16. 2024Addressing common misinterpretations of KART and UAT in neural network literaturecited by 9
  17. 2024Data-driven model discovery with Kolmogorov-Arnold networkscited by 9
  18. 2024Multifidelity Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 9
  19. 2025Neural Tangent Kernel Analysis to Probe Convergence in Physics-informed Neural Solvers: PIKANs vs. PINNscited by 9
  20. 2024Towards Building Specialized Generalist AI with System 1 and System 2 Fusioncited by 8
  21. 2024Exploring Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks for Interpretable Time Series Classificationcited by 8
  22. 2024DKL-KAN: Scalable Deep Kernel Learning using Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 7
  23. 2024KAN versus MLP on Irregular or Noisy Functionscited by 7
  24. 2024Learnable Activation Functions in Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Solving Partial Differential Equationscited by 7
  25. 2025ATHENA: Agentic Team for Hierarchical Evolutionary Numerical Algorithmscited by 7
  26. 2024Are KANs Effective for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting?cited by 6
  27. 2024A Gated Residual Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks for Mixtures of Expertscited by 6
  28. 2024Rethinking the Function of Neurons in KANscited by 5
  29. 2024FourierKAN outperforms MLP on Text Classification Head Fine-tuningcited by 5
  30. 2024Exploring Kolmogorov-Arnold networks for realistic image sharpness assessmentcited by 5
  31. 2024Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Low-Data Regimes: A Comparative Study with Multilayer Perceptronscited by 5
  32. 2024Residual Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Enhanced Deep Learningcited by 5
  33. 2025Fast and Accurate Gigapixel Pathological Image Classification with Hierarchical Distillation Multi-Instance Learningcited by 5
  34. 2025asKAN: Active Subspace embedded Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkcited by 5
  35. 2025Physics-informed time series analysis with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks under Ehrenfest constraintscited by 5
  36. 2026FEKAN: Feature-Enriched Kolmogorov-Arnold Networkscited by 5
  37. 2024SpectralKAN: Weighted Activation Distribution Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Hyperspectral Image Change Detectioncited by 4
  38. 2024KAN we improve on HEP classification tasks? Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks applied to an LHC physics examplecited by 4

50 most cited of 118 All 118 (JSON)