mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Healthcare Copilot: Eliciting the Power of General LLMs for Medical Consultation

arXiv 2402.13408 ↗First posted 20 Feb 2024cs.CLcited by 17

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Abstract (arXiv)

The copilot framework, which aims to enhance and tailor large language models (LLMs) for specific complex tasks without requiring fine-tuning, is gaining increasing attention from the community. In this paper, we introduce the construction of a Healthcare Copilot designed for medical consultation. The proposed Healthcare Copilot comprises three main components: 1) the Dialogue component, responsible for effective and safe patient interactions; 2) the Memory component, storing both current conversation data and historical patient information; and 3) the Processing component, summarizing the entire dialogue and generating reports. To evaluate the proposed Healthcare Copilot, we implement an auto-evaluation scheme using ChatGPT for two roles: as a virtual patient engaging in dialogue with the copilot, and as an evaluator to assess the quality of the dialogue. Extensive results demonstrate that the proposed Healthcare Copilot significantly enhances the capabilities of general LLMs for medical consultations in terms of inquiry capability, conversational fluency, response accuracy, and safety. Furthermore, we conduct ablation studies to highlight the contribution of each individual module in the Healthcare Copilot. Code will be made publicly available on GitHub.

Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Feb 2024.

Builds on

28 of 48 references.

References · 28

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
  3. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  4. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  5. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  6. 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
  7. 2022Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledgecited by 1,807
  8. 2020What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Examscited by 1,324
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  11. 2023AlpacaFarm: A Simulation Framework for Methods that Learn from Human Feedbackcited by 738
  12. 2023ChatDoctor: A Medical Chat Model Fine-Tuned on a Large Language Model Meta-AI (LLaMA) Using Medical Domain Knowledgecited by 324
16 more
  1. 2023MedAlpaca -- An Open-Source Collection of Medical Conversational AI Models and Training Datacited by 282
  2. 2023HuatuoGPT, towards Taming Language Model to Be a Doctorcited by 211
  3. 2023A Survey of Large Language Models for Healthcare: from Data, Technology, and Applications to Accountability and Ethicscited by 162
  4. 2023A Study of Generative Large Language Model for Medical Research and Healthcarecited by 160
  5. 2023Towards Making the Most of ChatGPT for Machine Translationcited by 138
  6. 2023DoctorGLM: Fine-tuning your Chinese Doctor is not a Herculean Taskcited by 130
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  12. 2023Prompted LLMs as Chatbot Modules for Long Open-domain Conversationcited by 61
  13. 2024Revisiting Demonstration Selection Strategies in In-Context Learningcited by 57
  14. 2023Evaluation Metrics in the Era of GPT-4: Reliably Evaluating Large Language Models on Sequence to Sequence Taskscited by 53
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  16. 2022HELP ME THINK: A Simple Prompting Strategy for Non-experts to Create Customized Content with Modelscited by 17

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.

17 papers.

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  1. 2025Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 176
  2. 2025Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systemscited by 125
  3. 2025MedRAG: Enhancing Retrieval-augmented Generation with Knowledge Graph-Elicited Reasoning for Healthcare Copilotcited by 83
  4. 2024Take Care of Your Prompt Bias! Investigating and Mitigating Prompt Bias in Factual Knowledge Extractioncited by 13
  5. 2025MIRAGE: A Benchmark for Multimodal Information-Seeking and Reasoning in Agricultural Expert-Guided Conversationscited by 12
  6. 2024Multi-OphthaLingua: A Multilingual Benchmark for Assessing and Debiasing LLM Ophthalmological QA in LMICscited by 10
  7. 2025ICLShield: Exploring and Mitigating In-Context Learning Backdoor Attackscited by 9
  8. 2024Enabling Scalable Evaluation of Bias Patterns in Medical LLMscited by 5
  9. 2024Building Accurate Translation-Tailored LLMs with Language Aware Instruction Tuningcited by 3
  10. 2025A Smart Multimodal Healthcare Copilot with Powerful LLM Reasoningcited by 3
  11. 2024360^circREA: Towards A Reusable Experience Accumulation with 360deg Assessment for Multi-Agent Systemcited by 2
  12. 2025EEG-MedRAG: Enhancing EEG-based Clinical Decision-Making via Hierarchical Hypergraph Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 1
5 more
  1. 2024GuidelineGuard: An Agentic Framework for Medical Note Evaluation with Guideline Adherencecited by 0
  2. 2025PeerCoPilot: A Language Model-Powered Assistant for Behavioral Health Organizationscited by 0
  3. 2026What Makes a Good Doctor Response? A Study on Text-Based Telemedicinecited by 0
  4. 2026It Matters How You Say It: Exploring Rhetorical Patterns for AI-Assisted Information Evaluationcited by 0
  5. 2026Large language models in medical time series analysiscited by 0