mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Textual Localization: Decomposing Multi-concept Images for Subject-Driven Text-to-Image Generation

arXiv 2402.09966 ↗First posted 15 Feb 2024cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

Subject-driven text-to-image diffusion models empower users to tailor the model to new concepts absent in the pre-training dataset using a few sample images. However, prevalent subject-driven models primarily rely on single-concept input images, facing challenges in specifying the target concept when dealing with multi-concept input images. To this end, we introduce a textual localized text-to-image model (Texual Localization) to handle multi-concept input images. During fine-tuning, our method incorporates a novel cross-attention guidance to decompose multiple concepts, establishing distinct connections between the visual representation of the target concept and the identifier token in the text prompt. Experimental results reveal that our method outperforms or performs comparably to the baseline models in terms of image fidelity and image-text alignment on multi-concept input images. In comparison to Custom Diffusion, our method with hard guidance achieves CLIP-I scores that are 7.04%, 8.13% higher and CLIP-T scores that are 2.22%, 5.85% higher in single-concept and multi-concept generation, respectively. Notably, our method generates cross-attention maps consistent with the target concept in the generated images, a capability absent in existing models.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 39 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Feb 2024.

Builds on

39 of 40 references.

Closest ancestors · 14

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Subject-Diffusion:Open Domain Personalized Text-to-Image Generation without Test-time Fine-tuning21 Jul
  2. 2023Grounded Text-to-Image Synthesis with Attention Refocusing8 Jun
  3. 2023Compositional Text-to-Image Synthesis with Attention Map Control of Diffusion Models23 May
  4. 2023FastComposer: Tuning-Free Multi-Subject Image Generation with Localized Attention17 May
  5. 2023Taming Encoder for Zero Fine-tuning Image Customization with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models5 Apr
  6. 2023Directed Diffusion: Direct Control of Object Placement through Attention Guidance25 Feb
  7. 2023Encoder-based Domain Tuning for Fast Personalization of Text-to-Image Models23 Feb
  8. 2023Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models31 Jan
  9. 2022Training-Free Structured Diffusion Guidance for Compositional Text-to-Image Synthesis9 Dec
  10. 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion8 Dec
  11. 2022What the DAAM: Interpreting Stable Diffusion Using Cross Attention10 Oct
  12. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
2 more
  1. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr
  2. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec

Other references · 25

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  3. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  4. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
  5. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  6. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  7. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
  8. 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
  9. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
  10. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
  11. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
  12. 2013Auto-Encoding Variational Bayescited by 4,053
13 more
  1. 2023Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detectioncited by 3,332
  2. 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,431
  3. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,245
  4. 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,293
  5. 2021Vector Quantized Diffusion Model for Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 774
  6. 2023BLIP-Diffusion: Pre-trained Subject Representation for Controllable Text-to-Image Generation and Editingcited by 442
  7. 2023AnyDoor: Zero-shot Object-level Image Customizationcited by 412
  8. 2023InstantBooth: Personalized Text-to-Image Generation without Test-Time Finetuningcited by 345
  9. 2023Training-Free Layout Control with Cross-Attention Guidancecited by 313
  10. 2023HyperDreamBooth: HyperNetworks for Fast Personalization of Text-to-Image Modelscited by 225
  11. 2020Few-shot Image Generation with Elastic Weight Consolidationcited by 122
  12. 2023Domain-Agnostic Tuning-Encoder for Fast Personalization of Text-To-Image Modelscited by 85
  13. 2023Localized Text-to-Image Generation for Free via Cross Attention Controlcited by 27

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1.

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  1. 2023Multi-Concept T2I-Zero: Tweaking Only The Text Embeddings and Nothing Else
  2. 2025Precise Parameter Localization for Textual Generation in Diffusion Models
  3. 2024Learning to Customize Text-to-Image Diffusion In Diverse Context
  4. 2026Text-to-Image Models Need Less from Text Encoders Than You Think
  5. 2025FaR: Enhancing Multi-Concept Text-to-Image Diffusion via Concept Fusion and Localized Refinement
  6. 2024CoMat: Aligning Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Image-to-Text Concept Matching
  7. 2024Concept Weaver: Enabling Multi-Concept Fusion in Text-to-Image Models
  8. 2024Continuous, Subject-Specific Attribute Control in T2I Models by Identifying Semantic Directions