Adversarial Text Purification: A Large Language Model Approach for Defense
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Abstract (arXiv)
Adversarial purification is a defense mechanism for safeguarding classifiers against adversarial attacks without knowing the type of attacks or training of the classifier. These techniques characterize and eliminate adversarial perturbations from the attacked inputs, aiming to restore purified samples that retain similarity to the initially attacked ones and are correctly classified by the classifier. Due to the inherent challenges associated with characterizing noise perturbations for discrete inputs, adversarial text purification has been relatively unexplored. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of adversarial purification methods in defending text classifiers. We propose a novel adversarial text purification that harnesses the generative capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to purify adversarial text without the need to explicitly characterize the discrete noise perturbations. We utilize prompt engineering to exploit LLMs for recovering the purified examples for given adversarial examples such that they are semantically similar and correctly classified. Our proposed method demonstrates remarkable performance over various classifiers, improving their accuracy under the attack by over 65% on average.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Feb 2024.
Builds on
27 of 39 references.
References · 27
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- 2018Generating Natural Language Adversarial Examplescited by 424
15 more
- 2018Defense-GAN: Protecting Classifiers Against Adversarial Attacks Using Generative Modelscited by 362
- 2016Adversarial Training Methods for Semi-Supervised Text Classificationcited by 280
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- 2021Adversarial purification with Score-based generative modelscited by 133
- 2019Robust Neural Machine Translation with Doubly Adversarial Inputscited by 105
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
8 papers.
- 2024Large Language Model-driven Meta-structure Discovery in Heterogeneous Information Networkcited by 16
- 2024Robust Neural Information Retrieval: An Adversarial and Out-of-distribution Perspectivecited by 15
- 2024Large Language Model Sentinel: LLM Agent for Adversarial Purificationcited by 10
- 2025Tougher Text, Smarter Models: Raising the Bar for Adversarial Defence Benchmarkscited by 2
- 2025T-Detect: Tail-Aware Statistical Normalization for Robust Detection of Adversarial Machine-Generated Textcited by 1
- 2026Detect, Unlearn, Restore: Defending Text Summarization Models Against Data Poisoningcited by 1
- 2025Breaking the Adversarial Robustness-Performance Trade-off in Text Classification via Manifold Purificationcited by 0
- 2025Adversarially Robust Detection of Harmful Online Content: A Computational Design Science Approachcited by 0
- 2026Detect, Unlearn, Restore: Defending Text Summarization Models Against Data Poisoning24 Jun 2026
- 2025Adversarially Robust Detection of Harmful Online Content: A Computational Design Science Approach19 Dec 2025
- 2025Breaking the Adversarial Robustness-Performance Trade-off in Text Classification via Manifold Purification11 Nov 2025
- 2025T-Detect: Tail-Aware Statistical Normalization for Robust Detection of Adversarial Machine-Generated Text31 Jul 2025
- 2025Tougher Text, Smarter Models: Raising the Bar for Adversarial Defence Benchmarks5 Jan 2025
- 2024Robust Neural Information Retrieval: An Adversarial and Out-of-distribution Perspective9 Jul 2024
- 2024Large Language Model Sentinel: LLM Agent for Adversarial Purification24 May 2024
- 2024Large Language Model-driven Meta-structure Discovery in Heterogeneous Information Network18 Feb 2024