Large Language Model Sentinel: LLM Agent for Adversarial Purification
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Agent threats, guardrails and governance
Abstract (arXiv)
Over the past two years, the use of large language models (LLMs) has advanced rapidly. While these LLMs offer considerable convenience, they also raise security concerns, as LLMs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks by some well-designed textual perturbations. In this paper, we introduce a novel defense technique named Large LAnguage MOdel Sentinel (LLAMOS), which is designed to enhance the adversarial robustness of LLMs by purifying the adversarial textual examples before feeding them into the target LLM. Our method comprises two main components: a) Agent instruction, which can simulate a new agent for adversarial defense, altering minimal characters to maintain the original meaning of the sentence while defending against attacks; b) Defense guidance, which provides strategies for modifying clean or adversarial examples to ensure effective defense and accurate outputs from the target LLMs. Remarkably, the defense agent demonstrates robust defensive capabilities even without learning from adversarial examples. Additionally, we conduct an intriguing adversarial experiment where we develop two agents, one for defense and one for attack, and engage them in mutual confrontation. During the adversarial interactions, neither agent completely beat the other. Extensive experiments on both open-source and closed-source LLMs demonstrate that our method effectively defends against adversarial attacks, thereby enhancing adversarial robustness.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Agent threats, guardrails and governance, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 42 of its 64 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 May 2024.
Builds on
42 of 64 references.
References · 42
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30 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 9; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2025Large Language Model Agent: A Survey on Methodology, Applications and Challengescited by 194
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- 2025Safety at Scale: A Comprehensive Survey of Large Model and Agent Safetycited by 63
- 2025EvoEmo: Towards Evolved Emotional Policies for Adversarial LLM Agents in Multi-Turn Price Negotiationcited by 8
- 2025Goal-Aware Identification and Rectification of Misinformation in Multi-Agent Systemscited by 7
- 2025Securing Multi-Agent Systems Against Corruptions via Node Contribution Backpropagationcited by 3
- 2025Redefining Elderly Care with Agentic AI: Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 1
- 2025ExplainableGuard: Interpretable Adversarial Defense for Large Language Models Using Chain-of-Thought Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026EmoDistill: Offline Emotion Skill Distillation for Language Model Agents in Adversarial Negotiationcited by 0
- 2026EmoDistill: Offline Emotion Skill Distillation for Language Model Agents in Adversarial Negotiation26 May 2026
- 2025ExplainableGuard: Interpretable Adversarial Defense for Large Language Models Using Chain-of-Thought Reasoning15 Nov 2025
- 2025Securing Multi-Agent Systems Against Corruptions via Node Contribution Backpropagation22 Oct 2025
- 2025EvoEmo: Towards Evolved Emotional Policies for Adversarial LLM Agents in Multi-Turn Price Negotiation4 Sep 2025
- 2025Redefining Elderly Care with Agentic AI: Challenges and Opportunities20 Jul 2025
- 2025Goal-Aware Identification and Rectification of Misinformation in Multi-Agent Systems31 May 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey in LLM(-Agent) Full Stack Safety: Data, Training and Deployment22 Apr 2025
- 2025Large Language Model Agent: A Survey on Methodology, Applications and Challenges27 Mar 2025
- 2025A Survey on Trustworthy LLM Agents: Threats and Countermeasures12 Mar 2025
- 2025Safety at Scale: A Comprehensive Survey of Large Model and Agent Safety2 Feb 2025
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