mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Can Large Language Models Detect Rumors on Social Media?

arXiv 2402.03916 ↗First posted 6 Feb 2024cs.IR cs.CLcited by 9

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this work, we investigate to use Large Language Models (LLMs) for rumor detection on social media. However, it is challenging for LLMs to reason over the entire propagation information on social media, which contains news contents and numerous comments, due to LLMs may not concentrate on key clues in the complex propagation information, and have trouble in reasoning when facing massive and redundant information. Accordingly, we propose an LLM-empowered Rumor Detection (LeRuD) approach, in which we design prompts to teach LLMs to reason over important clues in news and comments, and divide the entire propagation information into a Chain-of-Propagation for reducing LLMs' burden. We conduct extensive experiments on the Twitter and Weibo datasets, and LeRuD outperforms several state-of-the-art rumor detection models by 3.2% to 7.7%. Meanwhile, by applying LLMs, LeRuD requires no data for training, and thus shows more promising rumor detection ability in few-shot or zero-shot scenarios.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Feb 2024.

Builds on

11 of 39 references.

References · 11

  1. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  2. 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
  3. 2023Can LLM-Generated Misinformation Be Detected?cited by 173
  4. 2020Rumor Detection on Social Media with Bi-Directional Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 152
  5. 2020GCAN: Graph-aware Co-Attention Networks for Explainable Fake News Detection on Social Mediacited by 108
  6. 2020FANG: Leveraging Social Context for Fake News Detection Using Graph Representationcited by 98
  7. 2023Advancing Transformer Architecture in Long-Context Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 71
  8. 2022Zero-Shot Rumor Detection with Propagation Structure via Prompt Learningcited by 32
  9. 2017Mining Significant Microblogs for Misinformation Identification: An Attention-based Approachcited by 7
  10. 2023Out-of-distribution Evidence-aware Fake News Detection via Dual Adversarial Debiasingcited by 7
  11. 2023Analysis of the Reasoning with Redundant Information Provided Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 5.

9 papers.

  1. 2024Generative Large Language Models in Automated Fact-Checking: A Surveycited by 19
  2. 2025Simulating Rumor Spreading in Social Networks using LLM Agentscited by 16
  3. 2024Prompt Design Matters for Computational Social Science Tasks but in Unpredictable Wayscited by 14
  4. 2025DeceptionBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for AI Deception Behaviors in Real-world Scenarioscited by 14
  5. 2025RedOne: Revealing Domain-specific LLM Post-Training in Social Networking Servicescited by 6
  6. 2024Breaking Event Rumor Detection via Stance-Separated Multi-Agent Debatecited by 3
  7. 2024Dynamic Analysis and Adaptive Discriminator for Fake News Detectioncited by 0
  8. 2025MERIT: Modular Framework for Multimodal Misinformation Detection with Web-Grounded Reasoningcited by 0
  9. 2025LLM-based Few-Shot Early Rumor Detection with Imitation Agentcited by 0