Are LLMs Robust for Spoken Dialogues?
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Large Pre-Trained Language Models have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in different downstream tasks, including dialogue state tracking and end-to-end response generation. Nevertheless, most of the publicly available datasets and benchmarks on task-oriented dialogues focus on written conversations. Consequently, the robustness of the developed models to spoken interactions is unknown. In this work, we have evaluated the performance of LLMs for spoken task-oriented dialogues on the DSTC11 test sets. Due to the lack of proper spoken dialogue datasets, we have automatically transcribed a development set of spoken dialogues with a state-of-the-art ASR engine. We have characterized the ASR-error types and their distributions and simulated these errors in a large dataset of dialogues. We report the intrinsic (perplexity) and extrinsic (human evaluation) performance of fine-tuned GPT-2 and T5 models in two subtasks of response generation and dialogue state tracking, respectively. The results show that LLMs are not robust to spoken noise by default, however, fine-tuning/training such models on a proper dataset of spoken TODs can result in a more robust performance.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Jan 2024.
Builds on
25 of 35 references.
References · 25
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13 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
7 papers.
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- 2024Should We Fine-Tune or RAG? Evaluating Different Techniques to Adapt LLMs for Dialoguecited by 7
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Modelscited by 7
- 2024ProGRes: Prompted Generative Rescoring on ASR n-Bestcited by 5
- 2024E-Bench: Towards Evaluating the Ease-of-Use of Large Language Modelscited by 2
- 2025Assessing the feasibility of Large Language Models for detecting micro-behaviors in team interactions during space missionscited by 0
- 2026Impact of enriched meaning representations for language generation in dialogue tasks: A comprehensive exploration of the relevance of tasks, corpora and metricscited by 0
- 2026Impact of enriched meaning representations for language generation in dialogue tasks: A comprehensive exploration of the relevance of tasks, corpora and metrics31 Mar 2026
- 2025Assessing the feasibility of Large Language Models for detecting micro-behaviors in team interactions during space missions27 Jun 2025
- 2024Speechworthy Instruction-tuned Language Models23 Sep 2024
- 2024ProGRes: Prompted Generative Rescoring on ASR n-Best30 Aug 2024
- 2024Open-Source Conversational AI with SpeechBrain 1.029 Jun 2024
- 2024E-Bench: Towards Evaluating the Ease-of-Use of Large Language Models16 Jun 2024
- 2024Should We Fine-Tune or RAG? Evaluating Different Techniques to Adapt LLMs for Dialogue10 Jun 2024