mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

FM-OV3D: Foundation Model-based Cross-modal Knowledge Blending for Open-Vocabulary 3D Detection

arXiv 2312.14465 ↗First posted 22 Dec 2023cs.CVcited by 19

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

The superior performances of pre-trained foundation models in various visual tasks underscore their potential to enhance the 2D models' open-vocabulary ability. Existing methods explore analogous applications in the 3D space. However, most of them only center around knowledge extraction from singular foundation models, which limits the open-vocabulary ability of 3D models. We hypothesize that leveraging complementary pre-trained knowledge from various foundation models can improve knowledge transfer from 2D pre-trained visual language models to the 3D space. In this work, we propose FM-OV3D, a method of Foundation Model-based Cross-modal Knowledge Blending for Open-Vocabulary 3D Detection, which improves the open-vocabulary localization and recognition abilities of 3D model by blending knowledge from multiple pre-trained foundation models, achieving true open-vocabulary without facing constraints from original 3D datasets. Specifically, to learn the open-vocabulary 3D localization ability, we adopt the open-vocabulary localization knowledge of the Grounded-Segment-Anything model. For open-vocabulary 3D recognition ability, We leverage the knowledge of generative foundation models, including GPT-3 and Stable Diffusion models, and cross-modal discriminative models like CLIP. The experimental results on two popular benchmarks for open-vocabulary 3D object detection show that our model efficiently learns knowledge from multiple foundation models to enhance the open-vocabulary ability of the 3D model and successfully achieves state-of-the-art performance in open-vocabulary 3D object detection tasks. Code is released at https://github.com/dmzhang0425/FM-OV3D.git.

Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 32 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Dec 2023.

Builds on

32 of 37 references.

References · 32

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  3. 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,441
  4. 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
  5. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
  6. 2023Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detectioncited by 3,274
  7. 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,088
  8. 2019LVIS: A Dataset for Large Vocabulary Instance Segmentationcited by 1,215
  9. 2023LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attentioncited by 776
  10. 2019Deep Hough Voting for 3D Object Detection in Point Cloudscited by 648
  11. 2022Detecting Twenty-thousand Classes using Image-level Supervisioncited by 613
  12. 2023LLaMA-Adapter V2: Parameter-Efficient Visual Instruction Modelcited by 602
20 more
  1. 2022Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation with Mask-adapted CLIPcited by 560
  2. 2021PointCLIP: Point Cloud Understanding by CLIPcited by 461
  3. 2020Open-Vocabulary Object Detection Using Captionscited by 427
  4. 2021An End-to-End Transformer Model for 3D Object Detectioncited by 329
  5. 2023Personalize Segment Anything Model with One Shotcited by 250
  6. 2021Group-Free 3D Object Detection via Transformerscited by 215
  7. 2023Point-Bind & Point-LLM: Aligning Point Cloud with Multi-modality for 3D Understanding, Generation, and Instruction Followingcited by 192
  8. 2022PointCLIP V2: Prompting CLIP and GPT for Powerful 3D Open-world Learningcited by 186
  9. 2023Prompt, Generate, then Cache: Cascade of Foundation Models makes Strong Few-shot Learnerscited by 152
  10. 2022Learning 3D Representations from 2D Pre-trained Models via Image-to-Point Masked Autoencoderscited by 143
  11. 2023ImageBind-LLM: Multi-modality Instruction Tuningcited by 142
  12. 2020H3DNet: 3D Object Detection Using Hybrid Geometric Primitivescited by 123
  13. 2022CALIP: Zero-Shot Enhancement of CLIP with Parameter-free Attentioncited by 103
  14. 2023Open-Vocabulary Point-Cloud Object Detection without 3D Annotationcited by 81
  15. 2023When SAM Meets Medical Images: An Investigation of Segment Anything Model (SAM) on Multi-phase Liver Tumor Segmentationcited by 52
  16. 2021Image2Point: 3D Point-Cloud Understanding with 2D Image Pretrained Modelscited by 41
  17. 2023SAMM (Segment Any Medical Model): A 3D Slicer Integration to SAMcited by 31
  18. 2022Open-Vocabulary 3D Detection via Image-level Class and Debiased Cross-modal Contrastive Learningcited by 23
  19. 2022Structural Knowledge Distillation for Object Detectioncited by 14
  20. 2023Unified Text Structuralization with Instruction-tuned Language Modelscited by 8

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 9; 2025: 8; 2026: 2.

19 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024Robotic Control via Embodied Chain-of-Thought Reasoningcited by 340
  2. 2024Open Vocabulary Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 22
  3. 2024UniDet3D: Multi-dataset Indoor 3D Object Detectioncited by 20
  4. 2024ImOV3D: Learning Open-Vocabulary Point Clouds 3D Object Detection from Only 2D Imagescited by 17
  5. 2024Global-Local Collaborative Inference with LLM for Lidar-Based Open-Vocabulary Detectioncited by 10
  6. 2024OpenAD: Open-World Autonomous Driving Benchmark for 3D Object Detectioncited by 9
  7. 2025LocateAnything3D: Vision-Language 3D Detection with Chain-of-Sightcited by 8
  8. 2024Embedded Visual Prompt Tuningcited by 7
  9. 2025Zoom in, Click out: Unlocking and Evaluating the Potential of Zooming for GUI Groundingcited by 7
  10. 2024ZOPP: A Framework of Zero-shot Offboard Panoptic Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 6
  11. 2026LabelAny3D: Label Any Object 3D in the Wildcited by 6
  12. 2025Zoo3D: Zero-Shot 3D Object Detection at Scene Levelcited by 4
7 more
  1. 2025OV-SCAN: Semantically Consistent Alignment for Novel Object Discovery in Open-Vocabulary 3D Object Detectioncited by 2
  2. 2025Towards Open-Vocabulary Multimodal 3D Object Detection with Attributescited by 2
  3. 2024OpenNav: Efficient Open Vocabulary 3D Object Detection for Smart Wheelchair Navigationcited by 1
  4. 2025Exploring Representation Invariance in Finetuningcited by 1
  5. 2025GLRD: Global-Local Collaborative Reason and Debate with PSL for 3D Open-Vocabulary Detectioncited by 1
  6. 2025Sparse Multiview Open-Vocabulary 3D Detectioncited by 0
  7. 2026NOVA: Next-step Open-Vocabulary Autoregression for 3D Multi-Object Tracking in Autonomous Drivingcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Unlocking Textual and Visual Wisdom: Open-Vocabulary 3D Object Detection Enhanced by Comprehensive Guidance from Text and Image
  2. 2025Cross-Modal and Uncertainty-Aware Agglomeration for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding
  3. 2025FOLK: Fast Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation via Label-guided Knowledge Distillation
  4. 2024Open-Vocabulary SAM3D: Towards Training-free Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding
  5. 2025PGOV3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation with Partial-to-Global Curriculum
  6. 2025Just Add Geometry: Gradient-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Detection Without Human-in-the-Loop
  7. 2025Unleashing the Multi-View Fusion Potential: Noise Correction in VLM for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding
  8. 2026Omni123: Exploring 3D Native Foundation Models with Limited 3D Data by Unifying Text to 2D and 3D Generation