mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

An Adaptive Placement and Parallelism Framework for Accelerating RLHF Training

arXiv 2312.11819 ↗First posted 19 Dec 2023cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 13

On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Reward modeling and RLHF

Abstract (arXiv)

Recently, ChatGPT or InstructGPT like large language models (LLM) has made a significant impact in the AI world. Many works have attempted to reproduce the complex InstructGPT's training pipeline, namely Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF). However, the mainstream distributed RLHF training methods typically adopt a fixed model placement strategy, referred to as the Co-located strategy. This strategy treats all four interdependent models involved in RLHF as a single entity, distributing them across all devices and applying parallelism techniques designed for a single model, regardless of the workload heterogeneity inherent to each model. As a result, this strategy exacerbates the generation bottlenecks in the RLHF training and degrades the overall training efficiency. To address these issues, we propose a flexible model placement framework that offers two general and agile model placement strategies. The Interleaving strategy helps reduce memory redundancy and communication costs of RLHF training by placing models without dependencies on exclusive devices with careful orchestration. On the other hand, the Disaggregated strategy improves the throughput of model training by separating the training and inference runtime of the RLHF pipeline with additional shadow models. Furthermore, our framework provides a simple user interface and guidelines to easily and flexibly configure these strategies in various training scenarios. Our experiments have shown that our strategy can achieve notable improvements up to 11x, compared to the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches. The results highlight the effectiveness and adaptability of our methods in accelerating the training of distributed RLHF.

Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reward modeling and RLHF, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 34 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Dec 2023.

Builds on

34 of 50 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023DeepSpeed-Chat: Easy, Fast and Affordable RLHF Training of ChatGPT-like Models at All Scales2 Aug

Other references · 33

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21 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 8; 2026: 2.

13 papers.

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  1. 2024HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework
  2. 2024On The Global Convergence Of Online RLHF With Neural Parametrization
  3. 2024Optimizing RLHF Training for Large Language Models with Stage Fusion
  4. 2024Does RLHF Scale? Exploring the Impacts From Data, Model, and Method
  5. 2025KL-Regularized RLHF with Multiple Reference Models: Exact Solutions and Sample Complexity
  6. 2026RLHFless: Serverless Computing for Efficient RLHF
  7. 2023Open Problems and Fundamental Limitations of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
  8. 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models