EmojiLM: Modeling the New Emoji Language
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
With the rapid development of the internet, online social media welcomes people with different backgrounds through its diverse content. The increasing usage of emoji becomes a noticeable trend thanks to emoji's rich information beyond cultural or linguistic borders. However, the current study on emojis is limited to single emoji prediction and there are limited data resources available for further study of the interesting linguistic phenomenon. To this end, we synthesize a large text-emoji parallel corpus, Text2Emoji, from a large language model. Based on the parallel corpus, we distill a sequence-to-sequence model, EmojiLM, which is specialized in the text-emoji bidirectional translation. Extensive experiments on public benchmarks and human evaluation demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms strong baselines and the parallel corpus benefits emoji-related downstream tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 18 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Nov 2023.
Builds on
9 of 18 references.
References · 9
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,304
- 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,549
- 2019BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehensioncited by 5,884
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,480
- 2015Character-level Convolutional Networks for Text Classificationcited by 2,319
- 2020TweetEval: Unified Benchmark and Comparative Evaluation for Tweet Classificationcited by 416
- 2020BERTweet: A pre-trained language model for English Tweetscited by 346
- 2023Does Synthetic Data Generation of LLMs Help Clinical Text Mining?cited by 153
- 2021Hatemoji: A Test Suite and Adversarially-Generated Dataset for Benchmarking and Detecting Emoji-based Hatecited by 50
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
6 papers.
- 2024Emojis Decoded: Leveraging ChatGPT for Enhanced Understanding in Social Media Communicationscited by 7
- 2024On-Device Emoji Classifier Trained with GPT-based Data Augmentation for a Mobile Keyboardcited by 2
- 2025When Smiley Turns Hostile: Interpreting How Emojis Trigger LLMs' Toxicitycited by 2
- 2024Semantics Preserving Emoji Recommendation with Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2024PerSRV: Personalized Sticker Retrieval with Vision-Language Modelcited by 1
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysiscited by 1
- 2026The Overlooked Repetitive Lengthening Form in Sentiment Analysis1 Apr 2026
- 2025When Smiley Turns Hostile: Interpreting How Emojis Trigger LLMs' Toxicity14 Sep 2025
- 2024On-Device Emoji Classifier Trained with GPT-based Data Augmentation for a Mobile Keyboard6 Nov 2024
- 2024PerSRV: Personalized Sticker Retrieval with Vision-Language Model29 Oct 2024
- 2024Semantics Preserving Emoji Recommendation with Large Language Models16 Sep 2024
- 2024Emojis Decoded: Leveraging ChatGPT for Enhanced Understanding in Social Media Communications22 Jan 2024