Unmasking Bias in Diffusion Model Training
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling
Abstract (arXiv)
Denoising diffusion models have emerged as a dominant approach for image generation, however they still suffer from slow convergence in training and color shift issues in sampling. In this paper, we identify that these obstacles can be largely attributed to bias and suboptimality inherent in the default training paradigm of diffusion models. Specifically, we offer theoretical insights that the prevailing constant loss weight strategy in ε-prediction of diffusion models leads to biased estimation during the training phase, hindering accurate estimations of original images. To address the issue, we propose a simple but effective weighting strategy derived from the unlocked biased part. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive and systematic exploration, unraveling the inherent bias problem in terms of its existence, impact and underlying reasons. These analyses contribute to advancing the understanding of diffusion models. Empirical results demonstrate that our method remarkably elevates sample quality and displays improved efficiency in both training and sampling processes, by only adjusting loss weighting strategy. The code is released publicly at urlhttps://github.com/yuhuUSTC/Debias
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 37 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Oct 2023.
Builds on
37 of 43 references.
Closest ancestors · 19
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Boosting Diffusion Models with an Adaptive Momentum Sampler23 Aug
- 2023Efficient Diffusion Training via Min-SNR Weighting Strategy16 Mar
- 2023Input Perturbation Reduces Exposure Bias in Diffusion Models27 Jan
- 2023On the Importance of Noise Scheduling for Diffusion Models26 Jan
- 2022On Distillation of Guided Diffusion Models6 Oct
- 2022All are Worth Words: A ViT Backbone for Diffusion Models25 Sep
- 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Steps2 Jun
- 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Models1 Jun
- 2022Perception Prioritized Training of Diffusion Models1 Apr
- 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifolds20 Feb
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models20 Dec
- 2021Vector Quantized Diffusion Model for Text-to-Image Synthesis29 Nov
7 more
- 2021Variational Diffusion Models1 Jul
- 2021Cascaded Diffusion Models for High Fidelity Image Generation30 May
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis11 May
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models18 Feb
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models6 Oct
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun
- 2020Improved Techniques for Training Score-Based Generative Models16 Jun
Other references · 18
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
- 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
- 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,580
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
- 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,229
- 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,967
- 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,609
- 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,409
- 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
- 2020Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Datacited by 1,184
6 more
- 2019StarGAN v2: Diverse Image Synthesis for Multiple Domainscited by 1,095
- 2022Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translationcited by 897
- 2023A Variational Perspective on Solving Inverse Problems with Diffusion Modelscited by 217
- 2021Projected GANs Converge Fastercited by 204
- 2020A U-Net Based Discriminator for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 128
- 2023High-quality Image Dehazing with Diffusion Modelcited by 11
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 4.
13 papers.
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- 2024A Closer Look at Time Steps is Worthy of Triple Speed-Up for Diffusion Model Trainingcited by 30
- 2023DREAM: Diffusion Rectification and Estimation-Adaptive Modelscited by 12
- 2025The Generation Phases of Flow Matching: a Denoising Perspectivecited by 6
- 2024Functional Imaging Constrained Diffusion for Brain PET Synthesis from Structural MRIcited by 5
- 2025How I Met Your Bias: Investigating Bias Amplification in Diffusion Modelscited by 4
- 2026Training Flow Matching: The Role of Weighting and Parameterizationcited by 4
- 2026An exact information theory of generalization phase transitions in Bayesian diffusion modelscited by 3
- 2025A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Resolution Precipitation Forecasting over CONUScited by 2
- 2024Mitigating Data Consistency Induced Discrepancy in Cascaded Diffusion Models for Sparse-view CT Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2024Improvements to SDXL in NovelAI Diffusion V3cited by 1
- 2025SynBoost: A Synergistic Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2026Elucidating Representation Degradation Problem in Diffusion Model Trainingcited by 0
- 2026CSGen: A Multi-Domain Curvilinear Structure Generation Model via Hierarchical Multimodal Diffusion5 Aug 2026
- 2026An exact information theory of generalization phase transitions in Bayesian diffusion models9 Jul 2026
- 2026Elucidating Representation Degradation Problem in Diffusion Model Training11 May 2026
- 2026Training Flow Matching: The Role of Weighting and Parameterization6 Mar 2026
- 2025How I Met Your Bias: Investigating Bias Amplification in Diffusion Models23 Dec 2025
- 2025A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Resolution Precipitation Forecasting over CONUS9 Dec 2025
- 2025The Generation Phases of Flow Matching: a Denoising Perspective28 Oct 2025
- 2025SynBoost: A Synergistic Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Models16 Jun 2025
- 2024Improvements to SDXL in NovelAI Diffusion V324 Sep 2024
- 2024A Closer Look at Time Steps is Worthy of Triple Speed-Up for Diffusion Model Training27 May 2024
- 2024Functional Imaging Constrained Diffusion for Brain PET Synthesis from Structural MRI3 May 2024
- 2024Mitigating Data Consistency Induced Discrepancy in Cascaded Diffusion Models for Sparse-view CT Reconstruction14 Mar 2024
1 more
- 2024A Closer Look at Time Steps is Worthy of Triple Speed-Up for Diffusion Model Trainingcited by 30
- 2023DREAM: Diffusion Rectification and Estimation-Adaptive Modelscited by 12
- 2025The Generation Phases of Flow Matching: a Denoising Perspectivecited by 6
- 2025How I Met Your Bias: Investigating Bias Amplification in Diffusion Modelscited by 4
- 2026Training Flow Matching: The Role of Weighting and Parameterizationcited by 4
- 2026An exact information theory of generalization phase transitions in Bayesian diffusion modelscited by 3
- 2024Mitigating Data Consistency Induced Discrepancy in Cascaded Diffusion Models for Sparse-view CT Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2025SynBoost: A Synergistic Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2026Elucidating Representation Degradation Problem in Diffusion Model Trainingcited by 0
- 2026An exact information theory of generalization phase transitions in Bayesian diffusion models9 Jul 2026
- 2026Elucidating Representation Degradation Problem in Diffusion Model Training11 May 2026
- 2026Training Flow Matching: The Role of Weighting and Parameterization6 Mar 2026
- 2025How I Met Your Bias: Investigating Bias Amplification in Diffusion Models23 Dec 2025
- 2025The Generation Phases of Flow Matching: a Denoising Perspective28 Oct 2025
- 2025SynBoost: A Synergistic Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Models16 Jun 2025
- 2024A Closer Look at Time Steps is Worthy of Triple Speed-Up for Diffusion Model Training27 May 2024
- 2024Mitigating Data Consistency Induced Discrepancy in Cascaded Diffusion Models for Sparse-view CT Reconstruction14 Mar 2024
- 2023DREAM: Diffusion Rectification and Estimation-Adaptive Models30 Nov 2023
- 2024Functional Imaging Constrained Diffusion for Brain PET Synthesis from Structural MRIcited by 5
- 2025A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Resolution Precipitation Forecasting over CONUScited by 2
- 2024Improvements to SDXL in NovelAI Diffusion V3cited by 1
- 2026CSGen: A Multi-Domain Curvilinear Structure Generation Model via Hierarchical Multimodal Diffusioncited by 0
- 2026CSGen: A Multi-Domain Curvilinear Structure Generation Model via Hierarchical Multimodal Diffusion5 Aug 2026
- 2025A Diffusion-Based Framework for High-Resolution Precipitation Forecasting over CONUS9 Dec 2025
- 2024Improvements to SDXL in NovelAI Diffusion V324 Sep 2024
- 2024Functional Imaging Constrained Diffusion for Brain PET Synthesis from Structural MRI3 May 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023Elucidating the Exposure Bias in Diffusion Models
- 2023Stable Target Field for Reduced Variance Score Estimation in Diffusion Models
- 2025Generalization through variance: how noise shapes inductive biases in diffusion models
- 2025Is Your Conditional Diffusion Model Actually Denoising?
- 2023Alleviating Exposure Bias in Diffusion Models through Sampling with Shifted Time Steps
- 2025Demystifying Diffusion Objectives: Reweighted Losses are Better Variational Bounds
- 2025Deeper Diffusion Models Amplify Bias
- 2025Diagnosing and Improving Diffusion Models by Estimating the Optimal Loss Value