mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Early-Exit with Class Exclusion for Efficient Inference of Neural Networks

arXiv 2309.13443 ↗First posted 23 Sep 2023cs.LGcited by 8

On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Early exit and edge inference

Abstract (arXiv)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully applied in various fields. In DNNs, a large number of multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations are required to be performed, posing critical challenges in applying them in resource-constrained platforms, e.g., edge devices. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a class-based early-exit for dynamic inference. Instead of pushing DNNs to make a dynamic decision at intermediate layers, we take advantage of the learned features in these layers to exclude as many irrelevant classes as possible, so that later layers only have to determine the target class among the remaining classes. When only one class remains at a layer, this class is the corresponding classification result. Experimental results demonstrate the computational cost of DNNs in inference can be reduced significantly with the proposed early-exit technique. The codes can be found at https://github.com/HWAI-TUDa/EarlyClassExclusion.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Early exit and edge inference, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 14 of its 22 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Sep 2023.

Builds on

14 of 22 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022Learning to Weight Samples for Dynamic Early-exiting Networks17 Sep

Other references · 13

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,324
  3. 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,498
  4. 2017MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applicationscited by 3,845
  5. 2017Quantization and Training of Neural Networks for Efficient Integer-Arithmetic-Only Inferencecited by 1,593
  6. 2016Neural Architecture Search with Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,499
  7. 2017BranchyNet: Fast Inference via Early Exiting from Deep Neural Networkscited by 596
  8. 2021Dynamic Neural Networks: A Surveycited by 408
  9. 2019Improved Techniques for Training Adaptive Deep Networkscited by 66
  10. 2019Adaptive Loss-aware Quantization for Multi-bit Networkscited by 30
  11. 2022Class-based Quantization for Neural Networkscited by 9
  12. 2023PowerPruning: Selecting Weights and Activations for Power-Efficient Neural Network Accelerationcited by 8
1 more
  1. 2022SteppingNet: A Stepping Neural Network with Incremental Accuracy Enhancementcited by 3

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 1; 2026: 4.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Early-exit Convolutional Neural Networks
  2. 2025A Survey of Early Exit Deep Neural Networks in NLP
  3. 2021Adaptive Inference through Early-Exit Networks: Design, Challenges and Directions
  4. 2023Adaptive Deep Neural Network Inference Optimization with EENet
  5. 2022Resource-Constrained Edge AI with Early Exit Prediction
  6. 2022Predictive Exit: Prediction of Fine-Grained Early Exits for Computation- and Energy-Efficient Inference
  7. 2022Binary Early-Exit Network for Adaptive Inference on Low-Resource Devices
  8. 2026Balancing Stability and Plasticity in Sequentially Trained Early-Exiting Neural Networks