Domain Knowledge Distillation from Large Language Model: An Empirical Study in the Autonomous Driving Domain
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Abstract (arXiv)
Engineering knowledge-based (or expert) systems require extensive manual effort and domain knowledge. As Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained using an enormous amount of cross-domain knowledge, it becomes possible to automate such engineering processes. This paper presents an empirical automation and semi-automation framework for domain knowledge distillation using prompt engineering and the LLM ChatGPT. We assess the framework empirically in the autonomous driving domain and present our key observations. In our implementation, we construct the domain knowledge ontology by "chatting" with ChatGPT. The key finding is that while fully automated domain ontology construction is possible, human supervision and early intervention typically improve efficiency and output quality as they lessen the effects of response randomness and the butterfly effect. We, therefore, also develop a web-based distillation assistant enabling supervision and flexible intervention at runtime. We hope our findings and tools could inspire future research toward revolutionizing the engineering of knowledge-based systems across application domains.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Jul 2023.
Builds on
11 of 29 references.
References · 11
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
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- 2023ChatGPT for Robotics: Design Principles and Model Abilitiescited by 296
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 3; 2025: 2.
8 papers.
- 2023LLM4Drive: A Survey of Large Language Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 136
- 2023Distilled GPT for Source Code Summarizationcited by 30
- 2023Categorical Traffic Transformer: Interpretable and Diverse Behavior Prediction with Tokenized Latentcited by 10
- 2024Large-scale moral machine experiment on large language modelscited by 9
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 8
- 2025Towards a Common Framework for Autoformalizationcited by 7
- 2024TeaMs-RL: Teaching LLMs to Generate Better Instruction Datasets via Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2024MIKO: Multimodal Intention Knowledge Distillation from Large Language Models for Social-Media Commonsense Discoverycited by 3
- 2025Towards a Common Framework for Autoformalization11 Sep 2025
- 2025Large Language Models and Their Applications in Roadway Safety and Mobility Enhancement: A Comprehensive Review19 May 2025
- 2024Large-scale moral machine experiment on large language models11 Nov 2024
- 2024TeaMs-RL: Teaching LLMs to Generate Better Instruction Datasets via Reinforcement Learning13 Mar 2024
- 2024MIKO: Multimodal Intention Knowledge Distillation from Large Language Models for Social-Media Commonsense Discovery28 Feb 2024
- 2023Categorical Traffic Transformer: Interpretable and Diverse Behavior Prediction with Tokenized Latent30 Nov 2023
- 2023LLM4Drive: A Survey of Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving2 Nov 2023
- 2023Distilled GPT for Source Code Summarization28 Aug 2023
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Knowledge Protocol Engineering: A New Paradigm for AI in Domain-Specific Knowledge Work
- 2025Agent Fine-tuning through Distillation for Domain-specific LLMs in Microdomains
- 2024ChatScene: Knowledge-Enabled Safety-Critical Scenario Generation for Autonomous Vehicles
- 2026DomAgent: Leveraging Knowledge Graphs and Case-Based Reasoning for Domain-Specific Code Generation
- 2025Hierarchically Encapsulated Representation for Protocol Design in Self-Driving Labs
- 2026How to Build AI Agents by Augmenting LLMs with Codified Human Expert Domain Knowledge? A Software Engineering Framework
- 2024Can Low-Rank Knowledge Distillation in LLMs be Useful for Microelectronic Reasoning?
- 2025Assessing the Capability of Large Language Models for Domain-Specific Ontology Generation