FormNetV2: Multimodal Graph Contrastive Learning for Form Document Information Extraction
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Abstract (arXiv)
The recent advent of self-supervised pre-training techniques has led to a surge in the use of multimodal learning in form document understanding. However, existing approaches that extend the mask language modeling to other modalities require careful multi-task tuning, complex reconstruction target designs, or additional pre-training data. In FormNetV2, we introduce a centralized multimodal graph contrastive learning strategy to unify self-supervised pre-training for all modalities in one loss. The graph contrastive objective maximizes the agreement of multimodal representations, providing a natural interplay for all modalities without special customization. In addition, we extract image features within the bounding box that joins a pair of tokens connected by a graph edge, capturing more targeted visual cues without loading a sophisticated and separately pre-trained image embedder. FormNetV2 establishes new state-of-the-art performance on FUNSD, CORD, SROIE and Payment benchmarks with a more compact model size.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 51 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 May 2023.
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51 of 71 references.
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50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 11; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
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- 2023LMDX: Language Model-based Document Information Extraction and Localizationcited by 37
- 2024Graph Transformers: A Surveycited by 32
- 2024Learning on Multimodal Graphs: A Surveycited by 22
- 2024Deep Learning based Visually Rich Document Content Understanding: A Surveycited by 21
- 2024Visually Guided Generative Text-Layout Pre-training for Document Intelligencecited by 12
- 2025Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documents using LLM-based Organization of Documents into Independent Textual Segmentscited by 9
- 2024BuDDIE: A Business Document Dataset for Multi-task Information Extractioncited by 8
- 2024KVP10k : A Comprehensive Dataset for Key-Value Pair Extraction in Business Documentscited by 5
- 20243MVRD: Multimodal Multi-task Multi-teacher Visually-Rich Form Document Understandingcited by 3
- 2023Towards Few-shot Entity Recognition in Document Images: A Graph Neural Network Approach Robust to Image Manipulationcited by 2
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Table of Contents Extraction from Complex ESG Annual Reportscited by 2
- 2024EMC2: Efficient MCMC Negative Sampling for Contrastive Learning with Global Convergencecited by 1
8 more
- 2025An agentic system with reinforcement-learned subsystem improvements for parsing form-like documentscited by 1
- 2023RE2: Region-Aware Relation Extraction from Visually Rich Documentscited by 0
- 2024Towards Human-Like Machine Comprehension: Few-Shot Relational Learning in Visually-Rich Documentscited by 0
- 2024HIP: Hierarchical Point Modeling and Pre-training for Visual Information Extractioncited by 0
- 2024Information Extraction from Heterogeneous Documents without Ground Truth Labels using Synthetic Label Generation and Knowledge Distillationcited by 0
- 2025R2-CoD: Understanding Text-Graph Complementarity in Relational Reasoning via Knowledge Co-Distillationcited by 0
- 2026LAVA: Logic-Aware Validation and Augmentation Framework for Large-Scale Financial Document Auditingcited by 0
- 2026Mind the Gaps: A Curated Benchmark for Form Field Detectioncited by 0
- 2026Mind the Gaps: A Curated Benchmark for Form Field Detection20 Sep 2026
- 2026LAVA: Logic-Aware Validation and Augmentation Framework for Large-Scale Financial Document Auditing17 Aug 2026
- 2025R2-CoD: Understanding Text-Graph Complementarity in Relational Reasoning via Knowledge Co-Distillation2 Aug 2025
- 2025Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documents using LLM-based Organization of Documents into Independent Textual Segments18 May 2025
- 2025An agentic system with reinforcement-learned subsystem improvements for parsing form-like documents16 May 2025
- 2024Information Extraction from Heterogeneous Documents without Ground Truth Labels using Synthetic Label Generation and Knowledge Distillation22 Nov 2024
- 2024HIP: Hierarchical Point Modeling and Pre-training for Visual Information Extraction2 Nov 2024
- 2024Deep Learning based Visually Rich Document Content Understanding: A Survey2 Aug 2024
- 2024Graph Transformers: A Survey13 Jul 2024
- 2024KVP10k : A Comprehensive Dataset for Key-Value Pair Extraction in Business Documents1 May 2024
- 2024EMC2: Efficient MCMC Negative Sampling for Contrastive Learning with Global Convergence16 Apr 2024
- 2024BuDDIE: A Business Document Dataset for Multi-task Information Extraction5 Apr 2024
8 more
- 2024Visually Guided Generative Text-Layout Pre-training for Document Intelligence25 Mar 2024
- 2024Towards Human-Like Machine Comprehension: Few-Shot Relational Learning in Visually-Rich Documents23 Mar 2024
- 20243MVRD: Multimodal Multi-task Multi-teacher Visually-Rich Form Document Understanding28 Feb 2024
- 2024Learning on Multimodal Graphs: A Survey7 Feb 2024
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Table of Contents Extraction from Complex ESG Annual Reports27 Oct 2023
- 2023LMDX: Language Model-based Document Information Extraction and Localization19 Sep 2023
- 2023Towards Few-shot Entity Recognition in Document Images: A Graph Neural Network Approach Robust to Image Manipulation24 May 2023
- 2023RE2: Region-Aware Relation Extraction from Visually Rich Documents24 May 2023
- 2023LMDX: Language Model-based Document Information Extraction and Localizationcited by 37
- 2024Graph Transformers: A Surveycited by 32
- 2024Learning on Multimodal Graphs: A Surveycited by 22
- 2024Deep Learning based Visually Rich Document Content Understanding: A Surveycited by 21
- 2024Visually Guided Generative Text-Layout Pre-training for Document Intelligencecited by 12
- 2025Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documents using LLM-based Organization of Documents into Independent Textual Segmentscited by 9
- 2024BuDDIE: A Business Document Dataset for Multi-task Information Extractioncited by 8
- 2024KVP10k : A Comprehensive Dataset for Key-Value Pair Extraction in Business Documentscited by 5
- 20243MVRD: Multimodal Multi-task Multi-teacher Visually-Rich Form Document Understandingcited by 3
- 2023Towards Few-shot Entity Recognition in Document Images: A Graph Neural Network Approach Robust to Image Manipulationcited by 2
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Table of Contents Extraction from Complex ESG Annual Reportscited by 2
- 2024EMC2: Efficient MCMC Negative Sampling for Contrastive Learning with Global Convergencecited by 1
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Mind the Gaps: A Curated Benchmark for Form Field Detection20 Sep 2026
- 2026LAVA: Logic-Aware Validation and Augmentation Framework for Large-Scale Financial Document Auditing17 Aug 2026
- 2025R2-CoD: Understanding Text-Graph Complementarity in Relational Reasoning via Knowledge Co-Distillation2 Aug 2025
- 2025Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documents using LLM-based Organization of Documents into Independent Textual Segments18 May 2025
- 2024Information Extraction from Heterogeneous Documents without Ground Truth Labels using Synthetic Label Generation and Knowledge Distillation22 Nov 2024
- 2024HIP: Hierarchical Point Modeling and Pre-training for Visual Information Extraction2 Nov 2024
- 2024Deep Learning based Visually Rich Document Content Understanding: A Survey2 Aug 2024
- 2024Graph Transformers: A Survey13 Jul 2024
- 2024KVP10k : A Comprehensive Dataset for Key-Value Pair Extraction in Business Documents1 May 2024
- 2024EMC2: Efficient MCMC Negative Sampling for Contrastive Learning with Global Convergence16 Apr 2024
- 2024BuDDIE: A Business Document Dataset for Multi-task Information Extraction5 Apr 2024
- 2024Visually Guided Generative Text-Layout Pre-training for Document Intelligence25 Mar 2024
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)