What A Situated Language-Using Agent Must be Able to Do: A Top-Down Analysis
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks
Abstract (arXiv)
Even in our increasingly text-intensive times, the primary site of language use is situated, co-present interaction. It is primary ontogenetically and phylogenetically, and it is arguably also still primary in negotiating everyday social situations. Situated interaction is also the final frontier of Natural Language Processing, where, compared to the area of text processing, very little progress has been made in the past decade, and where a myriad of practical applications is waiting to be unlocked. While the usual approach in the field is to reach, bottom-up, for the ever next "adjacent possible", in this paper I attempt a top-down analysis of what the demands are that unrestricted situated interaction makes on the participating agent, and suggest ways in which this analysis can structure computational models and research on them. Specifically, I discuss representational demands (the building up and application of world model, language model, situation model, discourse model, and agent model) and what I call anchoring processes (incremental processing, incremental learning, conversational grounding, multimodal grounding) that bind the agent to the here, now, and us.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 8 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Feb 2023.
Builds on
8 of 42 references.
References · 8
- 2017Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environmentscited by 1,013
- 2016Visual Dialogcited by 377
- 2017Embodied Question Answeringcited by 335
- 2020Experience Grounds Languagecited by 241
- 2021MindCraft: Theory of Mind Modeling for Situated Dialogue in Collaborative Taskscited by 62
- 2021Grounding 'Grounding' in NLPcited by 44
- 2019A Natural Language Corpus of Common Grounding under Continuous and Partially-Observable Contextcited by 35
- 2019MeetUp! A Corpus of Joint Activity Dialogues in a Visual Environmentcited by 19
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 3; 2025: 2.
8 papers.
- 2023Clembench: Using Game Play to Evaluate Chat-Optimized Language Models as Conversational Agentscited by 52
- 2023Dialogue Games for Benchmarking Language Understanding: Motivation, Taxonomy, Strategycited by 12
- 2025Triangulating LLM Progress through Benchmarks, Games, and Cognitive Testscited by 11
- 2024A Dialogue Game for Eliciting Balanced Collaborationcited by 4
- 2024Unsupervised, Bottom-up Category Discovery for Symbol Grounding with a Curious Robotcited by 2
- 2024Using Game Play to Investigate Multimodal and Conversational Grounding in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 2
- 2023On the Computational Modeling of Meaning: Embodied Cognition Intertwined with Emotioncited by 1
- 2025Plant in Cupboard, Orange on Rably, Inat Aphone. Benchmarking Incremental Learning of Situation and Language Model using a Text-Simulated Situated Environmentcited by 1
- 2025Triangulating LLM Progress through Benchmarks, Games, and Cognitive Tests20 Feb 2025
- 2025Plant in Cupboard, Orange on Rably, Inat Aphone. Benchmarking Incremental Learning of Situation and Language Model using a Text-Simulated Situated Environment17 Feb 2025
- 2024Using Game Play to Investigate Multimodal and Conversational Grounding in Large Multimodal Models20 Jun 2024
- 2024A Dialogue Game for Eliciting Balanced Collaboration12 Jun 2024
- 2024Unsupervised, Bottom-up Category Discovery for Symbol Grounding with a Curious Robot3 Apr 2024
- 2023On the Computational Modeling of Meaning: Embodied Cognition Intertwined with Emotion10 Jul 2023
- 2023Clembench: Using Game Play to Evaluate Chat-Optimized Language Models as Conversational Agents22 May 2023
- 2023Dialogue Games for Benchmarking Language Understanding: Motivation, Taxonomy, Strategy14 Apr 2023
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
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- 2026Designing Explainable Conversational Agentic Systems for Guaran'i Speakers
- 2025Human vs. Agent in Task-Oriented Conversations
- 2026ACCORD: Action-Conditioned Contextual Grounding for Language Agents
- 2024"What's my model inside of?": Exploring the role of environments for grounded natural language understanding
- 2026What Language Does and What the Evidence Supports: A Functional Role Taxonomy and Evidence Audit of Language Grounding in Embodied Agents
- 2023Grounding Gaps in Language Model Generations
- 2022In conversation with Artificial Intelligence: aligning language models with human values