Learning Multimodal Data Augmentation in Feature Space
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Abstract (arXiv)
The ability to jointly learn from multiple modalities, such as text, audio, and visual data, is a defining feature of intelligent systems. While there have been promising advances in designing neural networks to harness multimodal data, the enormous success of data augmentation currently remains limited to single-modality tasks like image classification. Indeed, it is particularly difficult to augment each modality while preserving the overall semantic structure of the data; for example, a caption may no longer be a good description of an image after standard augmentations have been applied, such as translation. Moreover, it is challenging to specify reasonable transformations that are not tailored to a particular modality. In this paper, we introduce LeMDA, Learning Multimodal Data Augmentation, an easy-to-use method that automatically learns to jointly augment multimodal data in feature space, with no constraints on the identities of the modalities or the relationship between modalities. We show that LeMDA can (1) profoundly improve the performance of multimodal deep learning architectures, (2) apply to combinations of modalities that have not been previously considered, and (3) achieve state-of-the-art results on a wide range of applications comprised of image, text, and tabular data.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 42 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Dec 2022.
Builds on
42 of 52 references.
References · 42
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- 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,322
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- 2021Attention Bottlenecks for Multimodal Fusioncited by 361
30 more
- 2020Identifying Mislabeled Data using the Area Under the Margin Rankingcited by 261
- 2019Visual Entailment: A Novel Task for Fine-Grained Image Understandingcited by 252
- 2019UNITER: UNiversal Image-TExt Representation Learningcited by 228
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- 2018Learning Factorized Multimodal Representationscited by 171
- 2019Good-Enough Compositional Data Augmentationcited by 158
- 2019Population Based Augmentation: Efficient Learning of Augmentation Policy Schedulescited by 154
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- 2019Adversarial AutoAugmentcited by 111
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- 2021Benchmarking Multimodal AutoML for Tabular Data with Text Fieldscited by 26
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 6; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
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- 2023Medical Vision Language Pretraining: A surveycited by 24
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translationcited by 16
- 2024A Survey on Safe Multi-Modal Learning Systemcited by 15
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- 2025Hear-Your-Click: Interactive Object-Specific Video-to-Audio Generation7 Jul 2025
- 2025SynRES: Towards Referring Expression Segmentation in the Wild via Synthetic Data23 May 2025
- 2025DeepMLF: Multimodal language model with learnable tokens for deep fusion in sentiment analysis15 Apr 2025
- 2025Contrastive Visual Data Augmentation24 Feb 2025
- 2024Bag of Tricks for Multimodal AutoML with Image, Text, and Tabular Data19 Dec 2024
- 2024ARMADA: Attribute-Based Multimodal Data Augmentation19 Aug 2024
- 2024A Survey of Data Synthesis Approaches4 Jul 2024
- 2024A Survey on Multimodal Wearable Sensor-based Human Action Recognition14 Apr 2024
- 2024Frozen Feature Augmentation for Few-Shot Image Classification15 Mar 2024
6 more
- 2024A Survey on Safe Multi-Modal Learning System8 Feb 2024
- 2023PowMix: A Versatile Regularizer for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis19 Dec 2023
- 2023Medical Vision Language Pretraining: A survey11 Dec 2023
- 2023Improved Automatic Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Classification Using Deep Multimodal Fusion of UWF-CFP and OCTA Images3 Oct 2023
- 2023Targeted Image Data Augmentation Increases Basic Skills Captioning Robustness27 Sep 2023
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translation18 May 2023
- 2023Medical Vision Language Pretraining: A surveycited by 24
- 2025Contrastive Visual Data Augmentationcited by 3
- 2025DeepMLF: Multimodal language model with learnable tokens for deep fusion in sentiment analysiscited by 3
- 2024ARMADA: Attribute-Based Multimodal Data Augmentationcited by 2
- 2025DeepMLF: Multimodal language model with learnable tokens for deep fusion in sentiment analysis15 Apr 2025
- 2025Contrastive Visual Data Augmentation24 Feb 2025
- 2024ARMADA: Attribute-Based Multimodal Data Augmentation19 Aug 2024
- 2023Medical Vision Language Pretraining: A survey11 Dec 2023
- 2024A Survey of Data Synthesis Approachescited by 9
- 2024A Survey of Data Synthesis Approaches4 Jul 2024
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translationcited by 16
- 2024A Survey on Safe Multi-Modal Learning Systemcited by 15
- 2024Frozen Feature Augmentation for Few-Shot Image Classificationcited by 13
- 2024A Survey on Multimodal Wearable Sensor-based Human Action Recognitioncited by 10
- 2024Bag of Tricks for Multimodal AutoML with Image, Text, and Tabular Datacited by 7
- 2023Improved Automatic Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Classification Using Deep Multimodal Fusion of UWF-CFP and OCTA Imagescited by 6
- 2025Hear-Your-Click: Interactive Object-Specific Video-to-Audio Generationcited by 2
- 2025MIDAS: Misalignment-based Data Augmentation Strategy for Imbalanced Multimodal Learningcited by 2
- 2023PowMix: A Versatile Regularizer for Multimodal Sentiment Analysiscited by 1
- 2025SynRES: Towards Referring Expression Segmentation in the Wild via Synthetic Datacited by 1
- 2023Targeted Image Data Augmentation Increases Basic Skills Captioning Robustnesscited by 0
- 2026Semantics-Aware Generative Latent Data Augmentation for Learning in Low-Resource Domainscited by 0
- 2026Semantics-Aware Generative Latent Data Augmentation for Learning in Low-Resource Domains2 Feb 2026
- 2025MIDAS: Misalignment-based Data Augmentation Strategy for Imbalanced Multimodal Learning30 Sep 2025
- 2025Hear-Your-Click: Interactive Object-Specific Video-to-Audio Generation7 Jul 2025
- 2025SynRES: Towards Referring Expression Segmentation in the Wild via Synthetic Data23 May 2025
- 2024Bag of Tricks for Multimodal AutoML with Image, Text, and Tabular Data19 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey on Multimodal Wearable Sensor-based Human Action Recognition14 Apr 2024
- 2024Frozen Feature Augmentation for Few-Shot Image Classification15 Mar 2024
- 2024A Survey on Safe Multi-Modal Learning System8 Feb 2024
- 2023PowMix: A Versatile Regularizer for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis19 Dec 2023
- 2023Improved Automatic Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Classification Using Deep Multimodal Fusion of UWF-CFP and OCTA Images3 Oct 2023
- 2023Targeted Image Data Augmentation Increases Basic Skills Captioning Robustness27 Sep 2023
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translation18 May 2023