mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Multimodal and Explainable Internet Meme Classification

arXiv 2212.05612 ↗First posted 11 Dec 2022cs.AI cs.CL cs.LGcited by 5

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Abstract (arXiv)

In the current context where online platforms have been effectively weaponized in a variety of geo-political events and social issues, Internet memes make fair content moderation at scale even more difficult. Existing work on meme classification and tracking has focused on black-box methods that do not explicitly consider the semantics of the memes or the context of their creation. In this paper, we pursue a modular and explainable architecture for Internet meme understanding. We design and implement multimodal classification methods that perform example- and prototype-based reasoning over training cases, while leveraging both textual and visual SOTA models to represent the individual cases. We study the relevance of our modular and explainable models in detecting harmful memes on two existing tasks: Hate Speech Detection and Misogyny Classification. We compare the performance between example- and prototype-based methods, and between text, vision, and multimodal models, across different categories of harmfulness (e.g., stereotype and objectification). We devise a user-friendly interface that facilitates the comparative analysis of examples retrieved by all of our models for any given meme, informing the community about the strengths and limitations of these explainable methods.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Dec 2022.

Builds on

21 of 53 references.

References · 21

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9 more
  1. 2018Disinformation Warfare: Understanding State-Sponsored Trolls on Twitter and Their Influence on the Webcited by 18
  2. 2021Online misinformation is linked to early COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and refusalcited by 13
  3. 2021Memes in the Wild: Assessing the Generalizability of the Hateful Memes Challenge Datasetcited by 13
  4. 2021Dissecting the Meme Magic: Understanding Indicators of Virality in Image Memescited by 10
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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

5 papers.