Contrastive Unsupervised Learning of World Model with Invariant Causal Features
On the map: World models → Latent dynamics models and model-based RL
Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper we present a world model, which learns causal features using the invariance principle. In particular, we use contrastive unsupervised learning to learn the invariant causal features, which enforces invariance across augmentations of irrelevant parts or styles of the observation. The world-model-based reinforcement learning methods independently optimize representation learning and the policy. Thus naive contrastive loss implementation collapses due to a lack of supervisory signals to the representation learning module. We propose an intervention invariant auxiliary task to mitigate this issue. Specifically, we utilize depth prediction to explicitly enforce the invariance and use data augmentation as style intervention on the RGB observation space. Our design leverages unsupervised representation learning to learn the world model with invariant causal features. Our proposed method significantly outperforms current state-of-the-art model-based and model-free reinforcement learning methods on out-of-distribution point navigation tasks on the iGibson dataset. Moreover, our proposed model excels at the sim-to-real transfer of our perception learning module. Finally, we evaluate our approach on the DeepMind control suite and enforce invariance only implicitly since depth is not available. Nevertheless, our proposed model performs on par with the state-of-the-art counterpart.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Latent dynamics models and model-based RL, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 21 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Sep 2022.
Builds on
21 of 34 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2020Mastering Atari with Discrete World Models5 Oct
- 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imagination3 Dec
- 2018Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolution4 Sep
Other references · 18
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
- 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 11,979
- 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
- 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
- 2020Bootstrap your own latent: A new approach to self-supervised Learningcited by 4,712
- 2019Invariant Risk Minimizationcited by 1,832
- 2015Fast and Accurate Deep Network Learning by Exponential Linear Units (ELUs)cited by 1,061
- 2020CURL: Contrastive Unsupervised Representations for Reinforcement Learningcited by 745
- 2020Image Augmentation Is All You Need: Regularizing Deep Reinforcement Learning from Pixelscited by 573
- 2015Causal inference using invariant prediction: identification and confidence intervalscited by 533
- 2018Gibson Env: Real-World Perception for Embodied Agentscited by 477
- 2020Reinforcement Learning with Augmented Datacited by 452
6 more
- 2020dm_control: Software and Tasks for Continuous Controlcited by 368
- 2014Discriminative Unsupervised Feature Learning with Exemplar Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 299
- 2020Representation Learning via Invariant Causal Mechanismscited by 197
- 2020iGibson 1.0: a Simulation Environment for Interactive Tasks in Large Realistic Scenescited by 151
- 2019Unsupervised State Representation Learning in Ataricited by 144
- 2020Invariant Causal Prediction for Block MDPscited by 104
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 0; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
5 papers.
- 2025Four Principles for Physically Interpretable World Modelscited by 10
- 2023Hieros: Hierarchical Imagination on Structured State Space Sequence World Modelscited by 8
- 2023LanGWM: Language Grounded World Modelcited by 8
- 2026Transferable Delay-Aware Reinforcement Learning via Implicit Causal Graph Modelingcited by 0
- 2026The Loss Is Not Enough: Sampling Conditions and Inductive Bias in Contrastive Representation Learningcited by 0
- 2026The Loss Is Not Enough: Sampling Conditions and Inductive Bias in Contrastive Representation Learning2 Jun 2026
- 2026Transferable Delay-Aware Reinforcement Learning via Implicit Causal Graph Modeling12 May 2026
- 2025Four Principles for Physically Interpretable World Models4 Mar 2025
- 2023LanGWM: Language Grounded World Model29 Nov 2023
- 2023Hieros: Hierarchical Imagination on Structured State Space Sequence World Models8 Oct 2023
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023ReCoRe: Regularized Contrastive Representation Learning of World Model
- 2026Contrastive World Models
- 2021The Impact of Negative Sampling on Contrastive Structured World Models
- 2025Zero-shot World Models via Search in Memory
- 2023Invariant Causal Imitation Learning for Generalizable Policies
- 2026Learning Invariant Visual Representations for Planning with Joint-Embedding Predictive World Models
- 2024Learning Invariant Causal Mechanism from Vision-Language Models
- 2024DINO-WM: World Models on Pre-trained Visual Features enable Zero-shot Planning