Improving GANs for Long-Tailed Data through Group Spectral Regularization
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep long-tailed learning aims to train useful deep networks on practical, real-world imbalanced distributions, wherein most labels of the tail classes are associated with a few samples. There has been a large body of work to train discriminative models for visual recognition on long-tailed distribution. In contrast, we aim to train conditional Generative Adversarial Networks, a class of image generation models on long-tailed distributions. We find that similar to recognition, state-of-the-art methods for image generation also suffer from performance degradation on tail classes. The performance degradation is mainly due to class-specific mode collapse for tail classes, which we observe to be correlated with the spectral explosion of the conditioning parameter matrix. We propose a novel group Spectral Regularizer (gSR) that prevents the spectral explosion alleviating mode collapse, which results in diverse and plausible image generation even for tail classes. We find that gSR effectively combines with existing augmentation and regularization techniques, leading to state-of-the-art image generation performance on long-tailed data. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our regularizer on long-tailed datasets with different degrees of imbalance.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 41 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Aug 2022.
Builds on
41 of 50 references.
References · 41
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- 2019Learning Imbalanced Datasets with Label-Distribution-Aware Margin Losscited by 989
29 more
- 2019Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Modelscited by 944
- 2019Decoupling Representation and Classifier for Long-Tailed Recognitioncited by 809
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 7; 2024: 5; 2025: 2.
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- 2024Taming the Tail in Class-Conditional GANs: Knowledge Sharing via Unconditional Training at Lower Resolutions26 Feb 2024
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Model21 Dec 2023
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- 2023Towards Heterogeneous Long-tailed Learning: Benchmarking, Metrics, and Toolbox17 Jul 2023
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2 more
- 2023Class-Balancing Diffusion Models30 Apr 2023
- 2023NoisyTwins: Class-Consistent and Diverse Image Generation through StyleGANs12 Apr 2023
- 2023Class-Balancing Diffusion Modelscited by 48
- 2024Label-Noise Robust Diffusion Modelscited by 16
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Modelcited by 3
- 2025Contrastive Conditional-Unconditional Alignment for Long-tailed Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025Reweighted Flow Matching via Unbalanced OT for Label-free Long-tailed Generationcited by 1
- 2025Reweighted Flow Matching via Unbalanced OT for Label-free Long-tailed Generation30 Sep 2025
- 2025Contrastive Conditional-Unconditional Alignment for Long-tailed Diffusion Model11 Jul 2025
- 2024Label-Noise Robust Diffusion Models27 Feb 2024
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Model21 Dec 2023
- 2023Class-Balancing Diffusion Models30 Apr 2023
- 2023ITI-GEN: Inclusive Text-to-Image Generationcited by 64
- 2023Fill-Up: Balancing Long-Tailed Data with Generative Modelscited by 34
- 2024Improving Geo-diversity of Generated Images with Contextualized Vendi Score Guidancecited by 24
- 2024DeiT-LT Distillation Strikes Back for Vision Transformer Training on Long-Tailed Datasetscited by 14
- 2023NoisyTwins: Class-Consistent and Diverse Image Generation through StyleGANscited by 12
- 2024Taming the Tail in Class-Conditional GANs: Knowledge Sharing via Unconditional Training at Lower Resolutionscited by 8
- 2024Leveraging Generative AI for Urban Digital Twins: A Scoping Review on the Autonomous Generation of Urban Data, Scenarios, Designs, and 3D City Models for Smart City Advancementcited by 7
- 2023Towards Heterogeneous Long-tailed Learning: Benchmarking, Metrics, and Toolboxcited by 6
- 2023Fair GANs through model rebalancing for extremely imbalanced class distributionscited by 0
- 2024Improving Geo-diversity of Generated Images with Contextualized Vendi Score Guidance6 Jun 2024
- 2024Leveraging Generative AI for Urban Digital Twins: A Scoping Review on the Autonomous Generation of Urban Data, Scenarios, Designs, and 3D City Models for Smart City Advancement29 May 2024
- 2024DeiT-LT Distillation Strikes Back for Vision Transformer Training on Long-Tailed Datasets3 Apr 2024
- 2024Taming the Tail in Class-Conditional GANs: Knowledge Sharing via Unconditional Training at Lower Resolutions26 Feb 2024
- 2023ITI-GEN: Inclusive Text-to-Image Generation11 Sep 2023
- 2023Fair GANs through model rebalancing for extremely imbalanced class distributions16 Aug 2023
- 2023Towards Heterogeneous Long-tailed Learning: Benchmarking, Metrics, and Toolbox17 Jul 2023
- 2023Fill-Up: Balancing Long-Tailed Data with Generative Models12 Jun 2023
- 2023NoisyTwins: Class-Consistent and Diverse Image Generation through StyleGANs12 Apr 2023